treatment for allergic rhinitis Flashcards

1
Q

what are the drugs classes that can be used

A

antrihistamines, steroids, decongestants, systemic steroids

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2
Q

what are some of the first generation antihistamines?

A

diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine, hydroxyzine,

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3
Q

what are side effects of the first gen antihistamines

A

sedation, dry mouth, dry eyes, blurred vision, urinary retention. the elderly should be monitored for these SEs

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4
Q

what are some of the second gen antihistamines

A

loratidine, desloratidine, fexofenadine, azelastine, cetirizine

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5
Q

why use second gen antihistamines

A

becasue they have a reduced SE profile.

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6
Q

what are the SE for corticosteroid nasal sprays

A

nose bleeds, perforation, irritation,

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7
Q

what are some of the leukotriene inhibitors

A

zafirlukast, montelukast, zileuton

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8
Q

what are the indications for leukotriene inhibitors

A

allergic rhinitis and maintenance therapy for asthma. they are very useful in patients with both asthma nad allergies or in those with asthma that is triggered by allergens.

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9
Q

what is conjunctivitis

A

infection of the palpebral and or bullar conjunctiva. most are caused by bacterial or viral infection, although chemicals and allergens are also causes.

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10
Q

what organisms are most likely to cause conjunctivitis

A

staph, strep, haemophilus, moraxella, pseudomonas

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11
Q

what is epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

A

this is pink eye. it is extremely contagious by contact and fomites.

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12
Q

what is the most common cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

A

adenovirus

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13
Q

what is the most common presentation of adenovirus infection

A

pharyngeoconjunctival fever. fever, conjunctivitis, malaise, preauricular lymphadenopathy,

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