Treat Impairments Flashcards
How do you treat muscle weakness/low tone?
Progressive strengthening work/ electrical stimulation/splinting
How do you treat muscle tightness or high tone?
Medication/ soft tissue mobs/ stretches/ splinting and positioning
How can you treat sensory deficit?
Sensory stimulation
How can you treat ataxia?
Coordination and core stability
How can you treat pain?
Hot/ cold/tens/ joint mobs/ soft tissue mobs/ medication
How can you treat poor initiation of movement problems?
Cueing
How can you treat speed of movement problems?
Repetition of movement/ progressing speed/ treadmill
How can you treat quality of movement?
Repetition of specific movement/ facilitation of movement
How can you treat efficiency of movement?
Analysis of movement
How can you treat cardiovascular fitness?
Cardiovascular training on treadmill
How can you treat joint stiffness?
Joint mobilisations
How can you treat confidence or anxiety?
Repetition and reassurance or ESSENCE- mental health
How can treadmill training be a useful resource.
It can be a useful opportunity to practice repetitively the components of gait. A harness can be used for individuals with significant functional limitations and provides security and earlier mobility
What is the rationale for using treadmill training?
Minimises manual handling risk Task specific practice Gait training may commence early Improves walking Opportunities for speed and endurance training Improves strength and fitness Enable practice of complete gait cycle
What are orthoses?
They are external devices that support or enhance an impaired limb. In neurological rehab, orthoses are most frequently used to improve function and to prevent or correct deformity. They can increase speed and efficiency of gait
What types of orthoses can you get?
Rigid-
Foot up splint
Dynamic and semi-dynamic- allows for more df
What is Functional Electrical Stimulation?
FES aims to produce muscle contractions that mimic normal voluntary gait movement by applying electrical impulses to the common peroneal nerve through skin surfaces or planted electrodes.
A pressure sensitive foot switch triggers the electrical stimulation when weight is taken off the foot and when dorsiflexion is required for swing phase and initial stance, the stimulation is switched off when weight is taken on the foot.
What are the benefits of FES?
Improves walking speed Walking requires less effort and less tiring More normal gait pattern Reduced compensations Reduced spasticity Ability to walk longer distance Improved confidence Increased independence with ADL’s
What are the gait outcome measures?
10 metre walk test 6m/3m walk test Get up and go 6 min walk test Incremental shuttle walk test Qualitative gait analysis Kinematic analysis Kinetic analysis
What is parasympathetic and sympathetic
Sympathetic- prepares the body for fight or flight
Parasympathetic- Helps the body relax and stop- and be calm
What are GRASP exercises
Type 1, 2 and 3
What is neuroplasticity
Adaptation of the cns and PNS change and a adapt to functional things. The unmasking of dormant nerves in the pathways
Motivation, repetition, practice, self confidence,
Stages of learning- cognitive, autonomous and associative
