Trauma, Stress-Related, and Dissociative Disorders Flashcards
T/F Trauma ofter proceeds psychiatric disorders
false, precedes
T/F Children who have been abused and neglected by their caretakers and other adults are at a great risk for developing physical illnesses and psychological problems as a result of their traumatic experiences.
true
What is the most prevalent for of child abuse in the US?
Neglect
What does PTSD look like in preschool children?
- reduction in play
- reduction in repetitive play that includes aspects of the traumatic event
- social withdrawal
- negative emotions (fear, guilt, angle, horror, sadness, shame, or confusion)
- self-blaming
- “I am a bad person”
- self-destructive, sleep disturbances, hypervigilance
Neuroplasticity
describes how experiences reorganize neural pathways ; can increase vulnerability to adverse childhood experiences
T/F Most children however who suffer traumatic and stressful event, do not develop normally
false, they do develop normally
What term refers to positive adaptation or the ability to maintain or regain mental health despite adversity
resilience
What are the 2 priority dx for children trauma-related?
- Risk for impaired attachment
2. Risk for delayed development
What are the implementation stages for a child trauma-related disorder?
Stage 1: Providing safety and stabilization; stop self-destructive behaviors
Stage 2: Reducing arousal and regulating emotions through Sx reduction and memory work
Stage 3: Developmental skills catch up through enhancing problem-solving skills, nurturing self-awareness; social skills training
What is the window of tolerance?
a term that means a balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic arousal
What are 2 adv. practice interventions for children with stress-related disorders?
- CBT
2. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
What type of meds are given to children with trauma or stress related disorders?
there are no FDA approved meds for children with PTSD. SSRIs may improve social and school fxning and decrease avoidance, numbing, and dissociation
Describe reactive attachment disorder
a consistent pattern of inhibited and emotionally withdrawn behavior. The child rarely directs attachment behaviors towards any adult caregivers and does not seek comfort from then when distressed
Describe disinhibited social engagement disorder
children come across as being remarkable friendly and confident. they demonstrate no normal fears of strangers and are usually willing to go off w/ people who are strangers
What is the cause of reactive attachment disorder
a lack of bonding may be due to severe neglect, repeated changes of primary caregivers or care in an institutional setting
Describe PTSD in adults
PTSD may be brought about indirect exposure to trauma. When the person recalls a traumatic memory, physiological rxns occur. The person often does not know where these sensations originate and attributes them to present circumstances and the past becomes the present
What is the priority Dx for an adult w/ PTSD?
Posttraumatic syndrome
How do you implement a pt with a Dx of postraumatic syndrome?
- establishing a therapeutic relationship through nonjudgmental acceptance and empathy.
- teach strategies to manage anxiety (deep breathing, imagery, and mindfulness)
Which drugs have been approved for PTSD? State the class of each
- Zoloft and Paxil (SSRIs)
- Effexor and Cymbalta (SNRI)
- Nardil (MAOI)
- Remeron (TCA)
- Clonidine and Minipress
- Propanolol (beta-blockers)
Describe acute stress disorder
develops exposure to a highly traumatic event; Sx develop immediately after exposure after the event, but a Dx is not made until they have persisted for 3 days
What occurs when a pt has acute stress disorder longer than a month?
go on to become PTSD
After establishing a therapeutic relationship with a pt with ASD, what are your implementations?
- promote problem solving, connecting the person to support
- Debriefing
Describe debriefing
occurs w/in 12-48 hrs after the traumatic event
What is adjustment disorder
precipitated by a stressful event but not as severe and may not be considered a traumatic event and diagnosed immediately or w/in 3 mos
