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Mental Health > Bipolar and Related Disorders > Flashcards

Bipolar and Related Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of disorders?

A
  1. Bipolar I
  2. Bipolar II
  3. Cylcothmyic Disorder
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2
Q

Which is the most severe type of bipolar disorder?

A

Bipolar I

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3
Q

Describe Bipolar I

A

marked by shifts in mood, energy, and ability to fxn may alternate with periods of highs, lows or a combination of both

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4
Q

Define Mania

A

period of intense mood disturbance with persistent elevation, expansiveness, irritability and extreme goal-directed activity or energy

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5
Q

What occurs as mania intensifies?

A

individuals become psychotic and experience hallucination, delusions, and dramatically disturbed thought

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6
Q

What occurs after the manic episode?

A

a major depressive disorder and GAD

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7
Q

Define Bipolar II

A

individuals who have experiences at least one hypomanic episode

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8
Q

Define hypomania

A

low-level and less dramatic mania; tends to be euphoric and often increases fxning;

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9
Q

What is the difference between hypomania and mania?

A

psychosis is never present with hypomania

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10
Q

Define cyclothymic disorder

A

Sx alt. with Sx of mild-mod depression and some experience rapid cycling

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11
Q

Since men and women have the same occurrence rate, how does each gender differ in their conditions?

A

Men tend have more legal problems and commit violent acts. Women tend to abuse ETHOL, commit suicide and develop thyroid disease

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12
Q

What conditions are associated with bipolar I ?

A
  • Anxiety disorders
  • ADHD, substance abuse, impulse-control or conduct disorders
  • migraines
  • high blood glucose
  • apple shape
  • abnormal cholesterol levels
  • CVD diseases
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13
Q

What conditions are associated with bipolar II?

A
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Eating disorders
  • Substance use
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14
Q

What is the concordance rate in identical twins?

A

70%

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15
Q

Which neurotransmitters contribute to Bipolar?

A
  1. NE
  2. Dopamine
  3. Serotonin
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16
Q

What is an envtl factor?

A

Stress

17
Q

What is the mania mood like?

A

they experience intense feelings of well-being.

  • they may laugh, joke, and talk in a continuous stream with uninhibited familiarity
  • mood may change quickly to irritation and anger if someone get in their way
18
Q

What is the mania behavior like?

A

they have an appetite for social engagement, spending, and activity and indiscriminate sex

19
Q

What is the hallmark Sx of mania?

A

Distractibility; they lose their focus and go from one activity or place to another

20
Q

What are some thought processes and speech patterns?

A
  1. pressured speech
  2. circumstantial speech
  3. Tangential speech
  4. Loose associations
  5. Flight of ideas
  6. Clang associations
21
Q

What are some nursing Dx?

A
  1. Altered though processes
  2. Impaired social interaction
  3. Sleep deprivation
  4. Risk for injury
  5. Risk for other- directed violence
22
Q

What is the nurse role during the manic phase?

A
  1. manage meds
  2. decrease physical activity
  3. increase food and fluids
  4. ensuring 4-6 hrs/night of sleep
23
Q

What are the types of meds are given during agitation?

A

Severe- Li+ or Depakote (valproate) olanzapine or risperdone
Short-term- Klonopin and Ativan

24
Q

What is the one true mood stabilizer?

A

Li+

25
Q

When are anticonvulsants used for maintaining acute mania and bipolar?

A
  1. No fam history
  2. Diminishing impulsive and aggressive behavior in nonpsychotic pt
  3. ETHOL and benzodiazepine withdrawal
  4. Controlling mania w/in 2 week and depress w/in 3 wks
26
Q

What is ECT?

A

Electroconvulsive therapy

27
Q

What is the purpose of ECT in bipolar disorder?

A

subdue severe manic behavior especially in pts w/ treatment-resistant mania and pts with rapid cycling

28
Q

When a pt is dangerously out of control, what is a nursing intervention?

A

place the pt in seclusion or place restraints

29
Q

Treatment of bipolar with a common antidepressant alone increases or decreases the risk of bringing on a manic episode?

A

increases

30
Q

Which 2 antidepressants are indicated for bipolar depression?

A

lurasidone (Latuda)

quetiapine (Seroquel)

31
Q

What is a communication technique when speaking with a pt w/ bipolar?

A

set limits in a firm, neutral manner and tailor communication techniques

32
Q

During the manic phase, which needs often take the priority?

A

physical needs

Mental Health (16 decks)

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