Psychobio and Psychopharm

Question 1

List the monoamine neurotransmitters

Answer 1

1. dopamine
2. NE
3. Serotonin

Question 2

List the AA neurotransmitters

Answer 2

1. GABA

2. Glutamate

Question 3

List the neuropeptides

Answer 3

1. CRH
2. Endorphines
3. ACH

Question 4

What does the acronym ADME stand for in pharmacokinetics?

Answer 4

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

Question 5

What is the difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics?

Answer 5

pharmacokinetics is how the drug moves throughout the body while pharmacodynamics is what drugs do the body and how they do it

Question 6

Which neurotransmitter is most involved with inhibiting the CNS or the calming neurotransmitter?

Answer 6

GABA

Question 7

Which type of drugs is GABA commonly used?

Answer 7

Benzodiazepines

Question 8

What is MOA of benzodiazepines?

Answer 8

they potentiate or promote the activity of GABA by binding to a specific receptor on the GABA receptor complex. This binding results in an increased freq of CL- channel opening causing membrane hyperpolorization , which reduces the cellular excitation

Question 9

What are benzodiazepines used to treat?

Answer 9

1. Anxiety
2. Anticonvulsant
3. ETHOL abuse

Question 10

Which 2 neurotransmitters play a role in mood?

Answer 10

1. NE

2. serotonin

Question 11

What is the MOA of SSRIs?

Answer 11

block the reuptake of serotonin

Question 12

What is the prototype for SSRIs?

Answer 12

fluoxetine (Prozac)

Question 13

What is the MOA of SNRIs?

Answer 13

increase serotonin and NE

Question 14

What are the anticholinergic effects?

Answer 14

1. blurred vision
2. urinary retention
3. dry mouth
4. tachycardia
5. constipation

Question 15

Why is there a problem inhibiting MAOs?

Answer 15

the liver uses these enzymes to degrade monamine substances that enter the body from food

Question 16

Explain why a depressed pt being treating with MAOIs should not consume Tyramine?

Answer 16

if the liver cannot break dow the tyramine from substance, this can produce significant vasoconstriction which then increases blood pressure and threaten hypertensive crisis

Question 17

What is your pt teaching for someone taking an MAOIs?

Answer 17

1. Avoid OTC sympathomimetic

2. List of foods to avoid

Question 18

What is the one true mood stabilizer?

Answer 18

Li+

Question 19

What is the MOA of Li+?

Answer 19

it is unknown, but since it relatively close to the Na+, Li+ may act by affecting electrical conductivity in neurons

Question 20

What are some side effects of Li+?

Answer 20

1. Ataxia
2. Polyuria
3. Edema
4. Fine hand tremors
5. Hypothyroidism

Question 21

What are some pt teaching for Li+?

Answer 21

1. Consume 2-3 fluids/day
2. Maintain Na+ intake
3. Take with meals

Question 22

What is it important to monitor prior to administration?

Answer 22

1. Thyroid fxn

2. Renal fxn

Question 23

What is another name for 1st gen antipsychotics?

Answer 23

conventional/ typical antipsychotics

Question 24

What is the MOA of 1st gen antipsychotics?

Answer 24

blocking of the dopamine 2 receptors, binding to these receptors and blocking the attachment of dopamine they reduce dopaminergic stimulation

Question 25

What type of Sx do 1st gen antipsychotics treat?

Answer 25

positive Sx: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech or behavior

Question 26

What is the prototype for 1st gen antipsychotics?

Answer 26

(thorazine) Chlorpromazine

Question 27

What are some side effects of 1st gen antipsychotics?

Answer 27

1. EPS
2. sedation
3. Dry mouth
4. constipation
5. dizziness
6. Akathisia

Question 28

What is another name for the 2nd gen antipsychotics?

Answer 28

Atypical antipsychotics

Question 29

What is the common side effect of the 2nd gen?

Answer 29

Metabolic syndrome

Question 30

Which 2 of the 2nd gen have the highest risk of developing metabolic syndrome?

Answer 30

olanzapine and clozapine