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Psychiatry (Calum) > Trauma Responses > Flashcards

Trauma Responses Flashcards

1
Q

What physical reactions can be seen in trauma?

A 
muscle tension 
headaches
nausea
shakes and tremors 
choking sensation 
palpitations 
dizziness
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2
Q

Which traumatic event has the highest incidence of PTSD?

A

Rape

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3
Q

What other traumatic experiences can result in PTSD?

A

combat exposure
childhood neglect and abuse
sexual abuse
physical attack - kidnapping, hostage

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4
Q

What happens if a fight or flight response is not possible?

A

the brain judges neither is possible and death or severe injury is inevitable and evokes a FREEZE RESPONSE

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5
Q

What happens to the body in a freeze response?

A

the body goes into shut down
altered state of reality
body becomes immobile
pain sensations are reduced

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6
Q

What is the purpose of a freeze response?

A

to increase survival chances and reduce tissue damage and injury.

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7
Q

What attributes to traumatic stress?

A

overwhelming trauma
threat to body integrity/safety
witnessing death/injury to a loved one
when intense fear, horror, helplessness is experienced

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8
Q

What is type 1 trauma?

A

simple trauma

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9
Q

What is type 2 trauma?

A

complex trauma

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10
Q

What is complex PTSD?

A

PTSD Symptoms and Cognitive disturbances-low self-esteem, self-blame, hopelessness, helplessness, pre-occupation with threat

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11
Q

Abusive trauma can form what 3 categories?

A

physical
sexual
emotional

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12
Q

What constitutes unintentional human related trauma?

A 
industria accidents with equipment 
fires, burns (oil rigs)
RTA, railway, plane crashes 
building collapse 
nuclear disasters 
surgical/medical damage
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13
Q

What acts of nature can cause trauma?

A 
floods 
tsunami
earthquakes
avalanche 
volcano 
forest fires 
drought 
hurricane 
animal attacks
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14
Q

What makes up the limbic brain?

A

hippocampus
amygdala
medial prefrontal cortex

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15
Q

What is the function of the hippocampus?

A

locating memories in the right time, place and context

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16
Q

What is the function of the amygdala?

A

stores emotionally charged memories and connects to the medial prefrontal cortex

17
Q

What is the function of the medial prefrontal cortex?

A

regulates emotional and fear responses

18
Q

What is the most emotionally laden part of the brain?

A

Amygdala

19
Q

What can trigger PTSD?

A 
Visual 
Auditory 
Smell 
Taste 
Kinaesthetic
20
Q

What is a flashback?

A

like being back in the moment with associated sights, sounds, smell, feelings and emotions

these are UNWELCOME, PAINFUL and unpleasant

21
Q

What is avoidance?

A

avoiding aspects of the trauma and triggers e.g. people connected to the trauma, places, refusing to talk about it with fear of losing control

22
Q

People with PTSD have decreased arousal - T/F?

A

False - increased (hyper vigilance)

23
Q

What is emotional numbing?

A

feeling detached from the world - unable to have loving feelings, feeling alone
loss of interest and inability to look forward to the future

24
Q

What is dissociation?

A

the minds way of walling off a painful experience

offers temporary relief

25
Q

Dissociation is more common in mild trauma - T/F?

A

false - more common in severe prolonged or repeated trauma especially with the victim at a young age

26
Q

What does dissociation predict the development of?

A

PTSD

27
Q

What is re-enactment?

A

recreating the trauma

putting themselves in dangerous situations similar to the event

28
Q

What losses are associated with trauma?

A

loss of family members/friends/colleagues
loss of jobs
physical disfigurement
loss of usual supports/relationships

29
Q

What populations are particularly at risk of PTSD?

A 
police 
military 
emergency workers 
refugees 
aid workers
30
Q

what psychotherapeutic models are available for PTSD sufferers?

A

Trauma focused CBT

EMDR - eye movement desensitisation and reprogramming

31
Q

What pharmacological treatment is available?

A

Paroxetine

32
Q

At what point should PTSD specific treatment begin?

A

when the survivor is safely removed from the crisis

Psychiatry (Calum) (26 decks)

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