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Psychiatry (Calum) > Behaviour/Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Behaviour/Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is personality?

A

a cluster of relatively predictable patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving that is generally consistent across time, space and context.

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2
Q

What are the 5 factors that structure personality?

A 
neuroticism 
conscientiousness 
agreeableness 
extraversion 
openness
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3
Q

What pneumonic can be used to rememeber the 5 factors of personality?

A

OCEAN/CANOE

openness 
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness 
neuroticism
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4
Q

What is a personality disorder?

A

an enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly form the expectation of the individuals culture.

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5
Q

How can a personality disorder manifest itself?

A

cognitively - perception and interpretation

affectivity - range, intensity and lability of emotional response

interpersonal functioning

impulse control

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6
Q

How far can personality disorders be traced back in a persons life?

A

should be able to trace back to at least adolescence and early adulthood

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7
Q

Can personality disorders be explained by a manifestation or consequence of another mental disorder

A

no - or it would be that disorder

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8
Q

Can personality disorders be attributed to the physiological effects of a substance e.g. drugs) or another condition (head trauma)?

A

No

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9
Q

What is involved in akankastic personality disorder?

A

(1) Feelings of excessive doubt and caution.
(2) Preoccupation with details, rules, lists, order, organization or schedule.
(3) Perfectionism that interferes with task completion. (4) Excessive conscientiousness and scrupulousness.
(5) Undue preoccupation with productivity to the exclusion of pleasure and interpersonal relationships.
(6) Excessive pedantry and adherence to social conventions. (7) Rigidity and stubbornness.
(8) Unreasonable insistence that others submit to exactly his or her way of doing things, or unreasonable reluctance to allow others to do things.

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10
Q

What is the difference between traits and a disorder?

A

many people can exhibit traits that sometimes cause problems but it is really only a disorder if it is pervasive and causes distress/impaired functioning.

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11
Q

What percentage of the general population have a personality disorder?

A

10.6%

more common than diabetes, IBD, MS, asthma

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12
Q

Which personality disorders come under the category of “odd and eccentric”?

A

Cluster A
paranoid
schizoid
schizotypal

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13
Q

Which personality disorders come under the category “dramatic and emotional?”

A

Cluster B
Borderline
Antisocial

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14
Q

Which personality disorders come under the category “Anxious and Fearful”?

A

Cluster C
avoidant
dependent
obsessive-compulsive

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15
Q

What percentage of psychiatric outpatients have a personality disorder?

A

33%

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16
Q

What percentage of psychiatric inpatients have a personality disorder?

A

50%

17
Q

What is paranoid Personality disorder?

A

a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent

18
Q

What is schizoid personality disorder?

A

a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings

19
Q

What is antisocial personality disorder?

A

a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others

failure to conform, deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability, reckless

20
Q

What is borderline personality disorder?

A

A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image and affects and marked impulsivity.

21
Q

What is histrionic personality disorder?

A

a pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking

centre of attention
shallow rapid shifting emotions
self-dramatisation

22
Q

What is avoidant personality disorder?

A

a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feeling of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

sensitive to criticism
views as socially inept
reluctant to take personal risk

23
Q

What is dependent personality disorder?

A

a pervasive and excessive need to be taken caee of that leads to submissive and clinging behaviour and fears of separation

needs others to take responsibility
difficulty initiating projects
feels helpless when alone

24
Q

What is obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?

A

a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness and efficiency.

interfering perfectionism
preoccupation with details
inflexible
reluctant to delegate

25
Q

Is antisocial PD the same as psychopathy?

A

No - antisocial PD is largely based on behaviour whereas psychopathy describes a set of deficits in emotional and cognitive functioning.

26
Q

What are the 2 factors of psychopathy?

A

interpersonal/affective

social deviance

27
Q

Most personality disorders remain stable over time - T/F?

A

true

28
Q

How can avoidant PD be treated?

A

social skills training may be helpful
some evidence for antidepressants
not great info base

29
Q

What is the main psychological treatment of borderline personality disorder?

A

dialectical behavioural therapy

30
Q

what is dialectical behavioural therapy?

A

attempts to combine behavioural approaches with mindfulness and acceptance

main effect is on suicidal behaviour

high drop out rate

31
Q

Is Mentalisation supported by more evidence than DBT?

A

No

32
Q

How is pharmacological treatment for borderline PD given?

A

no drug has a licence for borderline PD

primarily focused on treating co-morbid conditions

33
Q

Which antipsychotic drug is effective in borderline PD but causes weight gain?

A

olanzapine

34
Q

How can antisocial PD be treated psychologically?

A

group based CBT in order to address impulsivity and interpersonal difficulties

Psychiatry (Calum) (26 decks)

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