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ACCP > Trauma Pt 2 > Flashcards

Trauma Pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does ATMIST stand for?

A

Age
Time
Mechanism of injury
Injuries
Signs
Treatment

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2
Q

In trauma you should always use a jaw thrust to maintain a patent airway. True or False?

A

False

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3
Q

Is an OP airway contraindicated in a patient with a head injury?

A

No

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4
Q

What are the 4 different types of skull fracture

A

Compound fracture
Hairline fracture
Depression fracture
Base of skull fracture

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5
Q

What are the three factors of Cushings triad and what is it used for?

A

Used for assessment of Increasing Intercranial Pressure (ICP)

Bradycardia
Irregular RR
Widening Pulse Pressure

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6
Q

What is cardiac tamponade

A

Fluid buildup in the pericardial sac
Places pressure on heart
Reduces filling ability of heart chambers
Reduces cardiac output

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7
Q

A flail segment is: A fracture of _____ or more adjacent _____, in ______ or more places.

A

2 or more adjacent rib fractures in 2 or more places

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8
Q

What does exsanguination mean

A

Bleeding to death, loss of entire blood volume

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9
Q

What are the three factors in the triad of death

A

Hypothermia
Coagulopathy
Metabolic Acidosis

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10
Q

What does hyperfibrinolysis mean

A

Existing clots start to break down

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11
Q

The term “commotio cordis” is defined as what?

A

Blunt force applied to the centre of the chest causing immediate cardiac arrest.

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12
Q

What type of chest movement does flail chest cause

A

Paradoxical

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13
Q

What does SCENE stand for

A

Safety
Cause
Environment
Number of patients
Extra resources

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14
Q

What does DCAP-BTLS stand for regarding trauma

A

Deformity
Contusion
Abrasion
Penetration
Burns
Tenderness
Laceration
Swelling

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15
Q

What is MSC x 4

A

Movement
Sensation
Circulation (colour, warmth, pulse, cap refill)

x4 = in all limbs

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16
Q

What does COMA stand for

A

Clothes off
Oxygen on
Monitering
Access

17
Q

What dressing should you use for an abdomen puncture (stab)

A

Blast dressing
Contains plastic sheet for bowel evisceration

18
Q

What dressing should you use for a groin wound or an arterial wound that a tourniquet or pressure dressings aren’t indicated?

A

Haemostatic gauze
Pack wounds
Hold for 3 minutes
Promotes coagulation
Good for patients with severe wounds in critical vascular areas that not amenable to tourniquet use or pressure dressing alone

19
Q

How long should you be on scene MAX in a major trauma

A

Less than 5 minutes

20
Q

What is permissive hypotension and what do we do with it regarding major trauma? When should we give fluids?

A

Increase BP with fluid -> increase cardiac output -> Patient bleeds quicker.

BP <90mmhg WITH impaired organ perfusion - consider fluids OR BP <60mmhg WITH impaired organ perfusion in penetrating torso trauma.

21
Q

What should we do with the pelvic splint

A

Always at same time as scoop
Splint to skin
Black to back
Minimal roll with control
Know your landmarks !!!!

22
Q

What are the three factors of Becks Triad and what is it used for?

A

Low Blood Pressure
Jugular Vein Distension (swelling)
Muffled heart sounds

Used for assessing cardiac tamponade.

23
Q

What does TWELVE stand for (a mnemonic for assessing a chest injury)?

A

Tracheal deviation
Wounds
Emphysema (subcutaneous)
Larynx
Veins (jugular distension)
Evaluate

24
Q

Acute coronary syndromes are comprised of three conditions - what are they?

A

ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction

Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction

Unstable Angina

25
Q

Where should each ECG lead go

V1-
V2-
V3-
V4-
V5-
V6-

A

V1 - 4th intercostal space, right of sternum

V2 - 4th intercostal space, left of the sternum

V3 - Between V2 and V4

V4 - 5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line

V5 - Between V4 and V6 - anterior axillary line

V6 - 5th intercostal space, mid axillar line (same horizontal plane as V4)

26
Q

What is the name for the period of confusion after a seizure?

A

Post ictal state

27
Q

If you are presented with a patient who states their chest pain came on under exertion what condition would you consider?

A

Stable angina

28
Q

If your patient complained of central chest pain with a ripping/tearing sensation what condition would you consider?

A

aortic aneurysm

29
Q

What is the leading cause of death in thoracic trauma?

A

Hypoxia

30
Q

Thoracic trauma accounts for what % of traumatic deaths?

A

25

31
Q

Pain on breathing is also known as what?

A

Pleuritic pain

32
Q

The optimal position for a conscious patient with isolated penetrating chest trauma is

A

Upright inclined toward injury

33
Q

What should you use on an open pneumothorax?

A

A russel chest seal

34
Q

What ribs are most commonly fractured in an adult?

A

4th - 10th

35
Q

A cardiac tamponade is more likely in blunt trauma, true or false?

A

False

36
Q

A grating sensation when two pieces of broken bone are rubbed together is known as what?

A

Crepitus

ACCP (14 decks)

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