Trauma and Stress Related Disorders (Hill)

Question 1

Cause of PTSD

Answer 1

person exposed to a traumatic event in which both were present: person experienced/witnessed actual or threatened death/injury/integrity of self or others

Question 2

diagnostic criteria PTSD (5)

Answer 2

• exposed to traumatic event
• persistently re-experience traumatic event
• persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with trauma
• persistent symptoms of increased arousal such as difficulty sleeping, irritability
• negative cognitions

Question 3

negative cognitions associated with PTSD

Answer 3

• distorted sense of blame
• estrangement from others
• diminished interest in activity
• inability to remember key aspects of event

Question 4

Duration of disturbance and symptoms associated with PTSD

Answer 4

• more than one month

- clinically significant distress and impairs function

Question 5

Treatment PTSD (2)

Answer 5

1) SSRI

2) Cognitive processing therapy (support group/ eye movement desensitization and reprocessing)

Question 6

What treatment should be avoided in patients with PTSD?

Answer 6

avoid addictive Rx, such as benzodiazepines

** increased risk of substance abuse

Question 7

Symptoms/duration acute stress disorder

Answer 7

• symptoms similar to PTSD

- duration is 3 days to 1 month after trauma exposure

Question 8

Define adjustment disorder

Answer 8

development of emotional/behavioral symptoms in response to identifiable stressor; occurring within 3 months of stressor

Question 9

Results of adjustment disorder

Answer 9

• significant distress out of proportion to severity of stressor
• impairment in functioning

Question 10

Is adjustment disorder related to normal grief or bereavement?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

how long does adjustment disorder last?

Answer 11

usually does not persist beyond 6 months

Question 12

describe body dysmorphic disorder

Answer 12

• preoccupation with imagined defect in the body, usually of the face
• frequent visits to dermatologist/plastic surgeon
• depression and other OCD symptoms are common

Question 13

Diagnostic criteria for conversion disorder (5)

Answer 13

1) one or more Sx/deficits affecting voluntary motor or sensory function
2) psych factors judged to be associated because initiation of Sx exacerbated by other stressors
3) Sx is not intentionally produced
4) Cannot be fully explained by medical condition/mental disorder
5) Sx causes clinically significant distress or impairment

Question 14

Conversion disorder symptoms (6)

Answer 14

• paresthesia/anesthesia
• weakness
• paralysis
• pseudoseizures
• involuntary movements
• sensory disturbances (blindness/mutism)

Question 15

describe factitious disorder

Answer 15

• voluntary control of symptoms
• i.e. self-injected feces or saliva
• bizarre or unusual symptoms

Question 16

treatment factitious disorder

Answer 16

DONT TREAT THEM

Question 17

somatoform disorder treatment (5)

Answer 17

• well established therapeutic relationship
• team approach (pain management, neuro, psych)
• CBT
• hypnosis
• anti-anxiety medications

Question 18

define dissociative amnesia

Answer 18

• inability to recall important personal information

- usually information regarding traumatic experience

Question 19

define dissociative fugue

Answer 19

• sudden, unexpected travel away from home

- inability to recall one’s past/personal identity

Question 20

define dissociative identity disorder

Answer 20

• formerly “multiple personality disorder”

- often survivors of sexual abuse