Drugs of Abuse (Iszard) Flashcards
(52 cards)
Abstinence syndrome
The signs and symptoms that occur on withdrawal of a drug in a dependent person
Addiction
Compulsive drug-using behavior in which the person uses the drug for personal satisfaction, often in the face of known risks to health, formerly termed psychological dependence
Controlled substance
Drug deemed to have abuse liability that is listed on governmental schedules of controlled substances. Such schedules categorize illicit drugs, control prescribing practices and mandate penalties for illegal possession, manufacture and sale of listed drugs
Dependence
A state categorized by signs and symptoms, frequently the opposite of those caused by a drug, when it is withdrawn from chronic use or when the dose is abruptly lowered, formerly physical dependence
Designer drug
A synthetic derivative of a drug, with slightly modified structure but no major change in pharmacodynamic action. Circumvention of the schedule of controlled drugs is a motivation for making
Tolerance
A decreased response to a drug, necessitating larger doses to achieve the same eff3ct
Sensitization
An increase in response with repetition of the same dose of drug
Withdrawal
Adaptive changes that become fully apparent once drug exposure is terminated… withdraw is the evidence of physical dependence
Schedule 1 drug criteria and examples
Criteria: no medical use, high addiction potential
Examples: flunitrazepam, heroin, LSD, PCP, MDMA
Schedule II drug criteria and examples
Criteria: medical use, high addiction potential
Examples: amphetamines, cocaine, methylphenidate, strong opioids
Schedule III drug criteria and examples
Criteria: medical use, moderate abuse potential
Examples: anabolic steroids, barbiturates, ketamine, moderate opiate agonists
Schedule IV drug criteria and examples
Criteria: medical use, low abuse potential
Examples: benzodiazepines, mild stimulants, most hypnotics, weak opioids
Duration of symptoms EtOH
Approx 1 hours per each serving
Duration of symptoms tobacco
20 minutes
duration of symptoms Marijuana
2 to 4 hours
Duration of symptoms inhalants
5 minutes to 8 hours
Duration of symptoms stimulants
5 minutes to 12 hours
Duration of symptoms depressants
1 to 16 hours
Duration of symptoms hallucinogens
5 minutes to 12 hours
Duration of symptoms narcotics
4 to 24 hours
Duration of symptoms PCP
4 to 6 hours
Overdose effects of amphetamines, methylphenidate, cocaine
Agitation, HTN, tachycardia, delusions, hallucinations, hyperthermia, seizures, death
Withdrawal symptoms amphetamines, methylphenidate, cocaine
Apathy, irritability, increased sleep time, disorientation, depression
Overdose effects barbiturates, benzodiazepines, ethanol
Slurred speech, drunken behavior, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, clammy skin, shallow respiration, coma, death
