Sedative-Hypnotic Medications (Iszard)

Question 1

Example of short action benzodiazepines

Answer 1

Triazolam

Question 2

Example of intermediate action benzodiazepine

Answer 2

Alprazolam

Question 3

Example of long action benzodiazepines

Answer 3

flurazepam

Question 4

example of ultra-short action barbiturate

Answer 4

thiopental

Question 5

example or short action barbiturate

Answer 5

secobarbital

Question 6

example of long action barbiturate

Answer 6

phenobarbital

Question 7

sedative general action

Answer 7

decreases CNS activity, moderates excitement, and calms the recipient

Question 8

hypnotic general action

Answer 8

produces drowsiness and facilitates the onset and maintenance of sleep and from which the recipient can be aroused easily

Question 9

Where are benzodiazepines distributed in the body?

Answer 9

widely distributed, including: CNS, placenta, breast milk

Question 10

What does the combination of benzodiazepines and EtOH do?

Answer 10

CNS depression (have synergistic effect)

Question 11

half life of diazepam? does it have active metabolites?

Answer 11

> 100 hours; yes has active metabolites

Question 12

half life of alprazolam? does it have active metabolites?

Answer 12

12-15 hours; insignificant

Question 13

black box warning for alprazolam

Answer 13

dependence and withdrawal reactions, including seizures

Question 14

Active metabolite of diazepam? terminal elimination half life?

Answer 14

N-desmethyldiazepam; 1/2 life is >100 hours

Question 15

Special use of diazepam (valium)

Answer 15

symptomatic relief in acute EtOH withdrawal

Question 16

black box warning chlordiazepoxide

Answer 16

concomitant use with opioids may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death

Question 17

Drug for reversal of benzo-induced sedation and management of benzo overdose

Answer 17

flumazenil

Question 18

flurazepam clinical use

Answer 18

a long acting hyponotic agent useful for the treatment of insomnia

Question 19

What if flurazepam does not cure insomnia after 7-10 days of treatment?

Answer 19

may indicate the presence of a primary psychiatric medical illness that should be evaluated

Question 20

Class of sedative-hypnotics that induce CYP450

Answer 20

barbituates

Question 21

drug that is a melatonin receptor agonist (MT1/MT2)

Answer 21

Ramelteon

Question 22

Non-barbituate hypnotic uses

Answer 22

only approved for the treatment of sleep disorders

Question 23

buspirone use

Answer 23

generalized anxiety disorder

Question 24

Non-barbituate hypnotic used for sleep initiation and sleep maintenance

Answer 24

eszopiclone