Opioids (Iszard) Flashcards
Four mixed opioid agonists/antagonists
1) pentazocine
2) nalbuphine
3) buprenorphine
4) butorphanol
How can opioids adversely affect your blood pressure?
can cause hypotension
Strongest and weakest opioids compared to morphine
Strongest: Fentanyl
Weakest: Hydrocodone
7 Clinical situations where opioids are used to relieve pain
1) MI
2) sickle cell crisis
3) post operative
4) trauma
5) cancer
6) kidney stones
7) back pain
opioid indicated as anti-diarrheal
Loperamide
What drug is used to treat opioid addiction and is a full mu receptor agonist?
methadone
What drug is a used to treat opioid addiction and is a partial agonist of mu, kappa, and delta receptors?
Buprenorphine
what drug is used to treat opioid and EtOH addiction, is a mu receptor antagonist, and a kappa receptor partial agonist?
Naltrexone
what drug is used to treat EtOH addiction, is a mu receptor antagonist, and a partial agonist of kappa receptors?
Nalmefene
DRUG INTERACTION EFFECTS:
opioids + sedative-hypnotics
increased CNS depression, particularly respiratory depression
DRUG INTERACTION EFFECTS:
opioids + antipsychotic agents
increased sedation. variable effects respiratory depression. Accentuation of cardiovascular effects
DRUG INTERACTION EFFECTS:
opioids + MAOIs
relative contraindication to all opioid analgesics because of high incidence of hyper-pyrexic coma and HTN
Contraindications: morphine
sulfa allergy (morphine sulfate)
drug interaction buprenorphine
monitor patients starting or ending CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers for potential under or over dosing
Adverse effect Naloxone
can precipitate acute opioid withdrawal
