Behavioral Therapies (Schmidt)

Question 1

classical conditioning definition

Answer 1

• learning is the association of things that take place together in time
• usually elicits an involuntary response

Question 2

extinction

Answer 2

discontinuation of reinforcement (positive or negative) eventually eliminates behavior. Can occur in classical or operant conditioning.

Question 3

generalization

Answer 3

when other similar stimuli/situation also becomes the conditioned stimulus for the conditioned response

Question 4

behavioral therapy for phobia

Answer 4

feared stimulus + relaxation –> decreased anxiety

Question 5

examples of relaxation activities

Answer 5

meditation, progressive muscle relaxation, hypnosis

Question 6

systematic desensitization

Answer 6

• make hierarchy of fears
• gradually introduce feared objects while using relaxation techniques until there is less anxiety
• work way up the hierarchy

Question 7

operant conditioning

Answer 7

• learning is the association of things that take place sequentially
• usually elicits voluntary response

Question 8

reinforcement (in operant conditioning)

Answer 8

results in increased behavior

Question 9

punishment (in operant conditioning)

Answer 9

results in decreased behavior

Question 10

positive (in operant conditioning)

Answer 10

something is added

Question 11

negative (in operant conditioning)

Answer 11

something is taken away

Question 12

positive reinforcement (in operant conditioning)

Answer 12

application of good consequence when behavior is performed

Question 13

positive punishment (in operant conditioning)

Answer 13

application of aversive consequence when behavior is performed **does not have to be painful

Question 14

negative reinforcement (in operant conditioning)

Answer 14

removal of aversive stimuli when behavior is performed

Question 15

negative punishment (in operant conditioning)

Answer 15

removal of good consequence when behavior is performed