Transportation Flashcards
What is transport?
is the movement of substances through the bodies of organisms
What tissues & organs make up the plant system?
mammals- circulatory system
flowering plants- transport systems, xylem & phloem tissue
What are 4 aspects to transport in plants?
absorption of water and ions from the soil
movement of water and ions over short distances within organs
long distance transport of xylem sap and phloem sap from roots to leaves
evaporation and loss of water vapour from leaves to the atmosphere
What is the absorption of ions?
For plants to take up mineral ions, ions are moved into root hairs, where they are in a higher concentration than in the dilute solutions in the soil.
What is the absorption of water?
Water absorption is where plants transport capillary water from the soil to the root xylem via root hairs during various plant processes such as respiration, transpiration, and osmosis.
What does the xylem tissue do & what are 2 roles in plants?
consists of long tubes of cells that provide the plumbing for plants, roles are transport of water and ions & support
What are features that allow flow of water throughout plants?
xylem vessel elements are arranged in columns
cellulose walls are hydrophilic so water molecules adhere to them and support the columns of water
xylem vessels are thin enough to support columns of water
What are features that resist tension and compression?
thick walls of cellulose, walls impregnated with lignin
What is a feature that allows stretching of xylem vessels in leaves, stems & roots?
rings or spirals of wall thickening that allow stretching of xylem vessels
What are features that give a low resistance to the flow of water in the xylem vessels?
wide lumen, no cell contents, no end walls, xylem vessels are continuous columns
What is a feature that allows lateral movement of water?
pits in the cell walls
Describe transpiration
Transpiration is the process in which plants release the water inside it in the form of moisture or water vapor
What steps does the stomata have in transpiration?
Osmotic diffusion transports water from the leaf’s xylem to the intercellular space above the stomata.
The stomata open and close.
Through stomata, water is transported from the intercellular space to the external environment.
What are some advantage of transpiration?
It helps in the exchange of gases.
It helps in sending out excessively absorbed water by plants.
It helps in the development of the plant body.
It provides coolness to the plant body.
What is the process of transpiration pull?
the water molecules combine together to form a column in the xylem. The pressure created by transpiration pull applies a force on the combined water molecules and helps them to move in an upward direction into the mesophyll.
