Transport Vessels Flashcards
What are the three main types of transport vessels
arteries, veins, capillaries
What are the two circuits of blood flow in the human body
- pulmonary circuit
- systemic circuit
What does the pulmonary circuit do
deoxygenated blood from the body is pumped from right side of heart up pulmonary artery to the lungs, where it is oxygenated and then returns to left side of the heart
what does the systemic system do
oxygenated blood is pumped from the left side of the heart to the body (arteries) and then back to the heart (veins)
describe an artery
- takes blood away from heart
- blood travels in spurts (pushed by the heart)
- no valves
- arteries carry oxygenated blood (except pulmonary artery), which is bright in red colour
- very high pressure
- has thick muscular walls
describe a vein
- takes blood to heart
- blood travels more smoothly
- valves to prevent back flow
- veins carry deoxygenated blood (pulmonary vein), which is deep red/maroon in colour
- low pressure
- thin muscular walls
what is exchanged at the capillaries into the interstitial fluid
nutrients, gases and wastes
how is blood returned to the heart
by skeletal muscles exerting pressure on the veins pushing blood to the heart
what happens when theres prolonged periods on inactivity
can reduce intravenous blood pressure and venous return (the amount of blood that makes it back to the heart
what do valves do
prevent back flow of blood
what does the muscular wall of the artery do
helps the heart pump the blood. when the heart beats, the artery expands as it fills with blood. when the heart relaxes the artery contracts, exerting a force that is strong enough to push the blood along.
what is the aorta
artery, principle of the blood distributing to all organs
what is the carotid
artery, head region
what Is the jugular
artery, head region
what is the vena cava
vein, principle vein collecting from all organs
