Parts Of Cell Flashcards
What is nucleus
Contains DNA that controls cell
Surrounded by nuclear membrane that has many pores allowing material to flow freely between nucleoplasm and cytoplasm
Contains nucleoli that make ribosomes
What is cell membrane
Semi permeable barrier that controls what enters and leaves cell
What is cell wall
Plant cells only outside of cell membrane
Made of cellulose and pores to allow water, gases and solutes into and out of plant cell
Large water vacuole creates internal pressure
What is vacuoles
Large fluid filled spaces surrounded by a membrane
Can contain food, pigments and water
Tend to be in larger plants
What is choroplasts
Only plant cells
Contains chlorophyll (green pigment) has used in photosynthesis
Stacks membrane (granny) are the site of photosynthesis
Contains their own ribosomes and DNA
What are plastids
Plants only
Chromoplasts contain coloured pigments
Leucoplasts store starch
What is flagella and cilia
Made of microtubules
Used for locomotion (movement) or in the case of cilia can be used to sweep food towards cell
Flagella are like tail of a fish for it to swim or like sperm cell
Cilia is tiny hair to help a cell move
What is endoplasmic reticulum
Transport system for the movement of chemicals through cell
It’s a system of tubes and channels made up of membranes
Site of chemical reactions ; may have ribosomes attached
What are ribosomes
Could be attached to ER or found in cytoplasm, mitochondria and chloroplasts
Where proteins are made (photo synthesis)
What is the Golgi apparatus
Group of stacked flattened sacs
Often connected to ER
May be involved in protein synthesis and the modification of proteins by adding sugar and fat molecules and then packages them into membrane sacs (vesicles)
Often these sacs release contents into ECF (extra cellular fluid) through erocytosis
What are lysosomes
Suicide sac
Spherical organelle surrounded by membrane
Contains digestive enzymes
Fuses with food vacuole to digest food, destroy engulfed bacteria (white blood cells) , destroy cell itself by releasing enzymes into cell (cell suicide)
What is the mitochondria
Battery of cell
Active cells tend to have more than non active cells
Inner membrane is the site of cell respiration’s (energy production), it’s heavily folded (called cristae) to increase amount of surface area available for cell respiration reaction
Cell respiration reactions also occur in the matrix fluid (protein rich)
Cell respiration produces ATP (energy molecule)
