Transport, Storage, And Mobilization Of Lipids Flashcards
What are lipoproteins?
Spherical macro-molecular complex composed of TAGs, cholesterol esters, apolipoproteins, phosphatases, and free cholesterol
What is a chylomicron?
The largest lipoprotein with the lowest density (more fatty, ~90% TAGs)
What do chylomicrons do?
Transport degraded lipids to white adipose tissue, skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles, and blood vessels
What is a VLDL?
Second largest lipoprotein and slightly more dense
What do VLDLs do?
Produced in the liver and carry remnants to peripheral tissues
What is a LDL?
Second smallest lipoprotein with a moderate density
What do LDLs do?
Hydrolyzes TAGs to release FFAs and glycerol
What is a HDL?
The smallest lipoprotein and has the most density (more protein, ~55%)
What do HDL’s do?
Reverse cholesterol transport, any cholesterol from peripheral cells are transported back to the liver and stored
Where specifically is excess lipids stored?
In white adipose tissue
What tells the body to store lipids?
Insulin
What is lipogenesis?
The formation of palmitate
1. Citrate travels to cytoplasm via citrate shuttle
2. ATP citrate lyase produces acetyl CoA from citrate
3. Acetyl CoA is added to malonyl CoA by acetyl CoA carboxylase
4. 2 carbon units are added to fatty acid synthase to make palmitate
How are TAGs formed?
Palmitate is esterified
Glycerol + 3 palmitic acid = TAG + 3H2O
