Structure And Classification Of Lipids

Question 1

What are some simple lipids?

Answer 1

Fatty acids and alcohols

Question 2

What is a fatty acid?

Answer 2

A precursor lipid that has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail

Question 3

What is a saturated fatty acid?

Answer 3

All C-C bonds are single and unbranched

Question 4

What are unsaturated fatty acids?

Answer 4

One or more C-C double bonds and branched, the hydrogens can either be cis (H atoms on same side) or trans (H atoms on opposite sides)

Question 5

What are essential fatty acids?

Answer 5

Omega 3 and omega 6
Lipids that lack the delta 12 and delta 15 desaturase enzymes that can only be obtained from the diet

Question 6

What is a tricylglycerol?

Answer 6

1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
An energy storage molecule
1 water molecule is released per fatty acid

Question 7

What are complex lipids?

Answer 7

Phospholipids and glycolipids
amphiphilic
Make up cell membranes
Act as emulsifiers

Question 8

What are derived lipids?

Answer 8

Sterols, cholesterol, and eicosanoids

Question 9

What are sterols used for?

Answer 9

Cell membrane structure

Question 10

What is cholesterol used for?

Answer 10

Steroid hormone synthesis, vitamin D precursor, and component of cell membrane

Question 11

What are eicosanoids used for?

Answer 11

Signaling molecules such as prostaglandin, prostacyclin, thromboxane, and leukotrienes

Question 12

What fatty acids are eicosanoids derived from?

Answer 12

20 and 22 carbon fatty acids