Transport Of Oxygen And Carbon Dioxide In The Blood Flashcards

1
Q

How much dissolved oxygen can be delivered in a normal person

A

15 mL/min

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2
Q

What is the normal oxygen saturation in arterial blood vs venous blood vs muscle/tissues

A

Arterial = Around 97.5%
- usually just say 100%

Venous = around 40%

Muscles = around 40%

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3
Q

Where does the number 19.88 mL O2 (normal amount of oxygen in arterial blood) come from?

A

Oxygen physically dissolved x the normal saturation of oxygen bound to hemoglobin

(0.3 mL/100mL) + (19.58/100mL) = 19.88mL

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4
Q

What is the normal oxygen carrying capacity for hemoglobin?

A

15 g / 100mL

- anything lower is anemia

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5
Q

How much oxygen is distributed to the tissues in a normal person every 100 mL of blood that passes by

A

20 mL/100mL

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6
Q

What does carbon monoxide and anemia affect?

A

The amount of valuable hemoglobin

  • it does NOT effect the percent saturation or arterial partial pressure of oxygen, only affects that amount of free hemoglobin*
  • Oxygen content will decrease by hemoglobin saturation will NOT change*
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7
Q

What shifts the hemoglobin-sat curve left and right (BOHR effects)

A

Left: increases oxygen affinity/ P50 for oxygen goes down

  • low temps
  • pH goes up (basic hemoglobin wants to bind oxygen over H+ ions)
  • PCO2 goes down
  • decreases in 2,3 DPG/BPG content
  • presence of HbF
  • presence of Carbon monoxide

Right: lows oxygen affinity/ P50 for oxygen goes up

  • high temps
  • pH goes down (acidic, hemoglobin wants to bind H+ ions over oxygen)
  • PCO2 goes up
  • increased 2,3 DPG/BPG content
  • note that 2,3 DPG does NOT bind to fetal hemoglobin*
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8
Q

2,3 DPG definition

A

Byproduct of anaerobic respiration in cells

- increased 2,3 DPG causes oxygen to be released easily in oxygen starved tissues

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9
Q

Why is the left shift in carbon monoxide poisoning so bad for tissues and hypoxia?

A

Because it binds to hemoglobin;o in too hard, preventing unloading of oxygen from other binding sites
- this actually makes oxygen EASIER to bind, which means oxygen actually prefers staying on the hemoglobin and not go to the tissues

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10
Q

What is the most common transport form of carbon dioxide in the body?

A

Bicarbonate ions

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11
Q

BAND 3 transporter

A

Protein that contains carbonic anhydrase enzymes.

- essential for generating CO2 -> bicarbonate ions and vise versa

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12
Q

Why is CO2 content higher in venous blood?

A

Erythrocyte Carbonic anhydrase works more actively in venous blood, causing increased CO2 content and lower pH

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13
Q

What is any molecule that binds a H+ to prevent pH dramatic changes?

A

A buffer

- note the most common are bicarbonate ions and hemoglobin

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14
Q

Haldane effect

A

Blood that needs to carry oxygen, will not carry CO2

- also can be said that for any PCO2, the less oxygenate blood will have a higher CO2 content

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