Smoking

Question 1

Is smoker more popular in men or women?

Answer 1

Men

Age group is 25-64 years

Question 2

Most common causes of death related to smoking

Answer 2

Lung cancer heart disease and COPD make up 93% of all smoking related deaths

Question 3

Difference between initiator and promotor carcinogens

Answer 3

Initiators: carincogens that cause direct cellular changes that make carcinogenesis possible

Promoters: induce tumors in initiated cells

Question 4

Secondhand smoking stats

Answer 4

Causes 34000 premature deaths from heart disease each year

25-30% increase risk of developing heart disease

20-30% increase risk for stroke
- 8000 stroke deaths occur every year due to second-hand smoking

20-30% increased risk of developing lung cancer

Question 5

E-cigarette/Vaping Associated Lung Inury (EVALI)

Answer 5

Lung injuries associated with vaping or using E-cigarettes

Leads to respiratory failure if un treated

Strongly associated with vitamin E acetate additives

Question 6

The 5 As in helping patients quit smoking

Answer 6

Ask about tobacco use

Advise quitting

Assess readiness to quit

Assist those who are ready to quit

Arrange follow-up

also make sure to use motivational interviewing

Question 7

Stages of changing in motivation interviewing

Answer 7

1) pre-contemplation
- not considering at all

2) contemplation
- thinking about it, but has done nothing to actually quit

3) preparation
- planning on action soon but not making changes

4) action
- actively making changes

5) maintance
- maintaining changes put in place