Smoking Flashcards
Is smoker more popular in men or women?
Men
Age group is 25-64 years
Most common causes of death related to smoking
Lung cancer heart disease and COPD make up 93% of all smoking related deaths
Difference between initiator and promotor carcinogens
Initiators: carincogens that cause direct cellular changes that make carcinogenesis possible
Promoters: induce tumors in initiated cells
Secondhand smoking stats
Causes 34000 premature deaths from heart disease each year
25-30% increase risk of developing heart disease
20-30% increase risk for stroke
- 8000 stroke deaths occur every year due to second-hand smoking
20-30% increased risk of developing lung cancer
E-cigarette/Vaping Associated Lung Inury (EVALI)
Lung injuries associated with vaping or using E-cigarettes
Leads to respiratory failure if un treated
Strongly associated with vitamin E acetate additives
The 5 As in helping patients quit smoking
Ask about tobacco use
Advise quitting
Assess readiness to quit
Assist those who are ready to quit
Arrange follow-up
also make sure to use motivational interviewing
Stages of changing in motivation interviewing
1) pre-contemplation
- not considering at all
2) contemplation
- thinking about it, but has done nothing to actually quit
3) preparation
- planning on action soon but not making changes
4) action
- actively making changes
5) maintance
- maintaining changes put in place