Transport In Humans

Question 0

What is the blood made up of? (2)

Answer 0

Plasma

Blood cells

Question 1

What 2 main things does the blood do?

Answer 1

Transports substances from one part of the body to another (oxygen, nutrients, urea, hormones)

Helps defend the body against disease

Question 2

What is the function of plasma?

Answer 2

(Liquid) carries mineral ions, glucose, hormones, amino acids, CO2 and urea

Question 3

Describe a RBC

Answer 3

Biconcave shape, no nucleus, contains haemoglobin

Question 4

What’s the function of a RBC?

Answer 4

Contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen from lungs to organs

Question 5

What are the 2 categories of white blood cells?

Answer 5

Lymphocytes and phagocytes

Question 6

What is the function lymphocytes?

Answer 6

Produce antibodies

Question 7

What is the function of phagocytes?

Answer 7

Engulf foreign bodies

Question 8

Decide a platelet

Answer 8

Fragment of cells, no nucleus, small

Question 9

What’s the function of a platelet?

Answer 9

To clot the blood

Question 10

Why are RBCs biconcave?

Answer 10

For a larger surface area to volume ratio - 02 diffuses in and out quickly

Question 11

What does haemoglobin contain?

Answer 11

Iron

Question 12

What is a disease?

Answer 12

A condition that prevents the body or part of it working properly

Question 13

What causes disease?

Answer 13

Other organisms entering the body and reproducing in it.

They may damage or poison it

Question 14

What act as physical barriers to diseases?

Answer 14

Skin and membranes

Question 15

What happens if physical barriers become damaged?

Answer 15

White blood cells take over defence

Question 16

What can phagocytes do?

Answer 16

Change their shape and move from place to place
Move through walls of capillaries into the tissues
Always move to areas of infection

Question 17

What do lymphocytes do to make sure our body from being infected by the same pathogen?

Answer 17

Produce memory cells and remain in circulatory system for a lifetime

Question 18

What do memory cells do?

Answer 18

When the body encounters the same pathogen, react with it and produce antibodies much earlier
We are said to have gained immunity

Question 19

How does vaccination work?

Answer 19

Body given a dose of the pathogen and is either the dead pathogen or parts of the pathogens cell surface

Question 20

What do arteries do?

Answer 20

Take blood away from heart 
Quite large diameter
Think muscular walls 
Small lumen 
High pressure to push blood along arteries

Question 21

What are veins like and what is their function?

Answer 21

Take blood from tissues back to heart
Large in diameter
Thin walls 
Big lumen 
Low pressure

Question 22

How does blood flow through veins?

Answer 22

Sandwiched between muscles
When muscles contract, veins are squashed forcing blood in them to move
Contain one way pocket valves to make sure they move in the correct direction