Smoking

Question 1

What are the effects of nicotine?

Answer 1

Makes you feel alert

Very addictive

Question 2

Why is carbon monoxide bad?

Answer 2

Poisonous as it binds irreversibly combines to the haemoglobin in RBC

Haemoglobin would usually carry oxygen

Question 3

Why is heat dangerous from smoking?

Answer 3

Burns away the cilia so mucus cannot be wafted to the throat

Mucus accumulates in the trachea to form phlegm which must be coughed up

Coughing will become more persistent resulting in damage to the alveoli

Question 4

What are the effects of tar?

Answer 4

Irritate the lining of air passages and causes them to produce more mucus and settle in the alveoli and reduce surface area available for gas exchange

Question 5

How does tar cause lung cancer?

Answer 5

It’s a carcinogen

Question 6

Why is lung cancer dangerous?

Answer 6

Growth develops in the wall of the bronchial tube

This can cause a blockage and makes breathing more difficult

If growth isn’t discovered, cancer can spread to other parts of the body

Question 7

What is bronchitis?

Answer 7

excess mucus collecting in the bronchi and bronchioles as a result of the destruction of the cilia

This leads to inflammation

Question 8

What is emphysema?

Answer 8

Walls of alveoli become thin and weak

Caused by coughing leads to alveoli bursting

Reduces SA of lungs (long term)

Reduces elasticity of the lung tissue so breathing is painful and difficult

Question 9

What does heart disease do to the body?

Answer 9

Makes blood platelets sticky so they clump together

Narrows arteries and weakens walls of the blood vessels so they may burst

Increases blood pressure so more oxygen is needed but carbon monoxide prevents that

Question 10

What are the 3 chemicals in cigarettes?

Answer 10

Nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide