Translation Flashcards
Ribosome
P site and a site
Polypeptide factory
Codon
Group of 3
First codon
AUG
Universal rule
Peptide bond
Ribosome catalyze reaction
Ribosomal RNA catalyzes
Translocation
ribosome moves
ribosomes
coordinate functioning of mRNA and tRNA and actually make proteins, large subunit (tRNA binding sites), mRNA binding site, and small subunit
translation
three phases, initiation, elongation and termination
initiation
brings mRNA, a tRNA bearing first amino aicd, and two subunits of ribosome, role: establish where translation will begin, ensuring that mRNA codons are translated into correct sequence of amino aicds
step one of intiation
mrna molecule binds to small ribosomal subunit, special intiator tRNA binds to specific codon (start codon), initiator tRNA carries amino acid methionine (met), anticodon UAC bind to start codon, AUG
step two of initiation
large ribosomal subunit binds to small one, creating functional ribosome, intiator tRNA fit into P site, A site is ready for next amino acid bearing tRNA
elongation
three steps, codon recognition, peptie bond formation, and transloation
codon recognition
anitcodon of incoming tRNA molecule carrying amino acid pairs with mRNA codon in A site of ribosome
peptide bond formation
polypeptide separates from tRNA to which it is bound (one in psite) and attached by peptide bond to amino acid carried by tRNA in a site, ribosome catalyzed formation of bond, one more amino acid is added to chain
transloction
Psite tRNA leavesribosome, and irobosome transloates the tRNA in the A site wtih its attached polypeptide to p site, codon and anticodon remain bonded and mRNA and tRNA move as a unit, brings into A site next mRNA codon to be translated
elongation stop
stops until stop codon reach riobosome’s A site,
