Translation Flashcards
What three types of RNAs are required for translation?
What is this picture showing?
RNA binding sites in the ribosome
What are the steps in translation?
The ____ ____ ____ initiates translation. The mRNA must also have a 5’ ____ and a 3’ ____.
Eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)
CAP
polyA tail
In translation initiation, the small ribosomal subunit with ____ tRNA bound to the ____ -site scans the attached mRNA for ____, the start sequence. once the start codon is found, the ____ ribosomal subunit binds.
Initiator
P
AUG
Large
In elongation, an ______ binds to the vacant A site. A new peptide bond is catalyzed by ______ ____. The large subunit moves and shifts the tRNAs into the ___ and ___ sites. The small subunit with it’s bound ____ shifts three nucleotides over.
Aminoacyl-tRNA
Peptidyl transferase
E and P
mRNA
Proteins known as ___ ___ recognize stop codons on the mRNA and bind to the ____ site in the ribosome and release the peptide chain as well as the mRNA.
Release factors
A
Proteins are synthesized by ____ ribosomes so that multiple copies of the protein can be efficiently generated. The next ribosome binds as soon as the ____ is available.
Polyribosomes
AUG
True or false
Several copies of a protein can be synthesized from the same mRNA and molecule
True
The efficiency of protein synthesis is dependent on how quickly it can be initiated, this is dependent on how strong the ____ ___ sequence is.
Kozak consensus
Protein modifications of initiation and elongation factors affects the levels of ____ ____.
Gene expression
There is enough difference between prokaryotic ribosomes and eukaryotic ribosomes, therefore ____ can target bacterial ribosomes. Examples include tetracycline, streptomycin, and erythromycin
Antibiotics
Review
