Intro Infectious Disease Flashcards
The gram stain initially stains all cells purple. Decolorize with alcohol, gram positive cells appear ____ and gram negative cells are colorless. Then add counterstain with safranin, gram negative are ____.
Purple
Pink
Gram stain is a good tool to classifying many ____ but not all ____.
Bacteria
Bacteria
Use crystal violet, the has iodine to get the violet dye to stick, then decolorize by washing with alcohol. Gram negative bacteria become colorless by dissolving the outer membrane. Safranin stains gram negative pink. This it outlining the process of ___ ____.
Gram staining
Identifying staph infections
Anthony van leeuwenhoek created the first _____. Magnified objects 200 fold
Microscope
Robert Hooke coined the term ____.
Cell
Louis Pasteur the ___ ____ theory. this led to controlling the growth of microorganisms. Sterile broth versus broth exposed to air
Spontaneous generation
Robert Koch developed the ____ ____ of disease.
Germ theory
Koch’s postulates
1.
2.
3.
4.
The ____ ___ of disease states that microbial infections that lead to disease can be viewed as an arms race for replication that in the purest sense is related to the survival of one set of genetic information at the expense of another
gene theory
____ ___ are characteristics of a virus that determine if they can establish an infection
Virulence factors
An example of a virulence factor is a _____, that costs the outside of the bacteria and protects it from the immune system
Capsule
Bacteria produce ___ that cause illness. They ___ or spread and cause disease.
Toxins
Proliferate
Viruses use ____ ____ that disrupts normal cell physiology which can cause disease. They use ____which promotes uncontrolled proliferation of infected cells
Cytopathic effect
Tumorigenesis
Review
Review
Review
Review
Name the common modes of transmission
