Transfusion-Transmitted diseases

Question 1

Which of the following changes in blood donation practices significantly decreased the risk of hepatitis B virus infection in recipients?

Answer 1

elimination of cash payments for blood donations

Question 2

Which of the following is indicated when a recipient of blood or blood components develops a viral disease.

Answer 2

donor look-back

Question 3

Which test can reveal an asymptomatic patient with transfusion-associated hepatitis (TAH)?

Answer 3

ALT

Question 4

Which of the following viral infections poses a severe threat to chronically transfused individuals who carry the hepatitis B virus (HBV)?

Answer 4

superinfection by hepatitis D virus (HDV)

Question 5

HBsAg is what part of the hepatitis B virus?

Answer 5

Coat protein

Question 6

What marker usually is not detected when the hepatitis B-infected patient enters the convalescent phase?

Answer 6

HBeAg

Question 7

A licensed vaccine is effected for all health care workers likely to be exposed to blood and body fluids containing hepatitis B virus and is administered in three doses. What is the source of this vaccine?

Answer 7

Saccharomyces cereversiae (baker’s yeast)

Question 8

The hepatitis C virus is thought to be included in which family?

Answer 8

Flaviviridae

Question 9

In the HIV-1 virus, _________ is a core protein.

Answer 9

p24

Question 10

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), an HIV-positive person is considered to have AIDS according to what criterion?

Answer 10

fewer than 200 CD4+ T cells per uL

Question 11

Transfusion-associated AIDS (TAA) accounts for approximately what percentage of all AIDS cases.

Answer 11

2%

Question 12

Which of the following patients would be at a greater risk for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection?

Answer 12

an allogenic bone marrow transplant recipient

Question 13

A single donor tested positive for HIV-1 via enzyme immunoassay screening techniques. The blood was retested and found to be nonreactive. What is the status of the donor whole blood unit?

Answer 13

Blood and components is OK for use

Question 14

The donor re-entry protocol was developed by the FDA and based on which premise?

Answer 14

the high number of false positives compared with true positives with a low prevalence of disease

Question 15

In the science of transblotting techniques, Southern is to DNA as Western is to:

Answer 15

proteins

Question 16

Which test for HIV infection depends on amplification of HIV integrated in the DNA of infected cells?

Answer 16

PCR