Transfusion reactions Flashcards
Which of the following best describes a transfusion reaction?
Any unfavorable transfusion related event occurring in a patient during or after transfusion of blood components
Which of the following may be a factor in a nonimmune transfusion reaction?
circulatory overload
What is the most common preventable error occuring among the nursing and medical staff that results in a transfusion-related death?
improper patient identification
Which of the following is an underlying cause of an immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction (IHTR)?
A patient with anti-k serum is transfused with K positive red cells
What is the length of time required for production of antibody in a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) caused by an anamnestic immune response?
3 to 7 days
Which of the following is not implicated in a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR)?
anti-Leb
Upon investigation of a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR), what should be included in the medical history?
pregnancies
previous medical Hx
transfusion reactions
Which of the following represents the pathophysiologic mechanism of a febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)?
HLA antibody in patient serum are directed against antigens present on monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes
Which mechanism may play a role in fever development in a febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)?
release of pyrogens from transfused white blood cells
A patient with two or more documented febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) should receive _____ blood components.
Leukopoor (leuko reduced)
Which of the following is a possible etiology for an allergic (urticarial) transfusion reaction?
The donor plasma has a foreign protein with which IgE or IgG in patient’s plasma reacts
Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions are the immediate hypersensitivity type of immune system response.
True
Which of the following may serve as a distinguishing factor in anaphylactic reactions?
Fever
What is a possible mechanism for noncardiogenic pulmonary edema reactions?
antileukocyte antibody reacts in donor or patient plasma initiating complement mediated pulmonary capillary endothelial injury
What may be found in the sera of a person who is exhibiting signs of a noncardiogenic pulmonary edema reaction?
antileukocyte antibody
What is meant by the term “iatrogenic”?
physician caused
All of the following signs are consistent with circulatory overload except:
Fever
Which of the following products may lead to sepsis in a patient when contaminated with Escherichia coli?
platelets
normal saline
packed red blood cells
What symptom would not usually be found in a bacterial contamination reaction?
tachycardia
Which clinical manifestation is not included in the physically or chemically induced transfusion reactions?
hemosiderosis
How can depletion and dilution of coagulation factors be avoided in a massively transfused patient?
prudent use of platelts and FFP
What test is indicated for the detection of HLA antibodies?
lymphocyte panels
Which of the following represent the pathophysiology of post-transfusion purpura (PTP)?
platelet alloantibody attaches to platelet surface permitting extravascular destruction by RES
What is the cause of death in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
Infection
Which of the following symptoms are consistent with hemosiderosis?
Anemia, Jaundice, Fatigue, muscle weakness
A transfusion reaction investigation should include all of the following except:
neocyte transfusion
Which of the following should be collected 5 to 7 hours after transfusion for unconjugated bilirubin determination?
clotted blood specimen
Immediate transfusion reaction procedures consist of all of the following except:
serum haptoglobin
Which of the following urinalysis results represents hemolysis?
reagent strip is positive for blood with intact rbcs
Records of a transfusion reaction must be retained for a period of:
5 years
