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Blood Bank > Transfusion reactions > Flashcards

Transfusion reactions Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following best describes a transfusion reaction?

A

Any unfavorable transfusion related event occurring in a patient during or after transfusion of blood components

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2
Q

Which of the following may be a factor in a nonimmune transfusion reaction?

A

circulatory overload

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3
Q

What is the most common preventable error occuring among the nursing and medical staff that results in a transfusion-related death?

A

improper patient identification

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4
Q

Which of the following is an underlying cause of an immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction (IHTR)?

A

A patient with anti-k serum is transfused with K positive red cells

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5
Q

What is the length of time required for production of antibody in a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) caused by an anamnestic immune response?

A

3 to 7 days

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6
Q

Which of the following is not implicated in a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR)?

A

anti-Leb

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7
Q

Upon investigation of a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR), what should be included in the medical history?

A

pregnancies
previous medical Hx
transfusion reactions

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8
Q

Which of the following represents the pathophysiologic mechanism of a febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)?

A

HLA antibody in patient serum are directed against antigens present on monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes

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9
Q

Which mechanism may play a role in fever development in a febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)?

A

release of pyrogens from transfused white blood cells

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10
Q

A patient with two or more documented febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) should receive _____ blood components.

A

Leukopoor (leuko reduced)

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11
Q

Which of the following is a possible etiology for an allergic (urticarial) transfusion reaction?

A

The donor plasma has a foreign protein with which IgE or IgG in patient’s plasma reacts

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12
Q

Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions are the immediate hypersensitivity type of immune system response.

A

True

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13
Q

Which of the following may serve as a distinguishing factor in anaphylactic reactions?

A

Fever

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14
Q

What is a possible mechanism for noncardiogenic pulmonary edema reactions?

A

antileukocyte antibody reacts in donor or patient plasma initiating complement mediated pulmonary capillary endothelial injury

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15
Q

What may be found in the sera of a person who is exhibiting signs of a noncardiogenic pulmonary edema reaction?

A

antileukocyte antibody

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16
Q

What is meant by the term “iatrogenic”?

A

physician caused

17
Q

All of the following signs are consistent with circulatory overload except:

A

Fever

18
Q

Which of the following products may lead to sepsis in a patient when contaminated with Escherichia coli?

A

platelets
normal saline
packed red blood cells

19
Q

What symptom would not usually be found in a bacterial contamination reaction?

A

tachycardia

20
Q

Which clinical manifestation is not included in the physically or chemically induced transfusion reactions?

A

hemosiderosis

21
Q

How can depletion and dilution of coagulation factors be avoided in a massively transfused patient?

A

prudent use of platelts and FFP

22
Q

What test is indicated for the detection of HLA antibodies?

A

lymphocyte panels

23
Q

Which of the following represent the pathophysiology of post-transfusion purpura (PTP)?

A

platelet alloantibody attaches to platelet surface permitting extravascular destruction by RES

24
Q

What is the cause of death in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

A

Infection

25
Q

Which of the following symptoms are consistent with hemosiderosis?

A

Anemia, Jaundice, Fatigue, muscle weakness

26
Q

A transfusion reaction investigation should include all of the following except:

A

neocyte transfusion

27
Q

Which of the following should be collected 5 to 7 hours after transfusion for unconjugated bilirubin determination?

A

clotted blood specimen

28
Q

Immediate transfusion reaction procedures consist of all of the following except:

A

serum haptoglobin

29
Q

Which of the following urinalysis results represents hemolysis?

A

reagent strip is positive for blood with intact rbcs

30
Q

Records of a transfusion reaction must be retained for a period of:

A

5 years

Blood Bank (21 decks)

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