transcription + translation

Question 1

Describe translation

Answer 1

1. mRNA binds to ribosome
2. ribosomes moves to START codon (AUG)
3. 2 codons fit in the ribosome
4. first tRNA enters carrying specific AA
5. anticodon binds to mRNA codon
6. second tRNA enters - 2 tRNA binding sites
7. AA join by peptide bond using ATP
8. ribosome moves along to next codon to read

Question 2

Describe transcription (how mrna is made)

Answer 2

1. DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds holding complementary base pairs
2. One DNA strand acts as a template
3. Free RNA nucleotides are attracted to DNA template strand.
4. RNA nucleotides bind to their complementary base pair on the template strand - A>U; C>G
5. RNA polymerase joins RNA nucleotides together
6. Pre-mRNA is spliced to remove the introns