Sex Linked Disease Flashcards
Whats a genome?
the complete set of genes in a cell or an organism
Whats a gene?
a sequence of nucleotides in DNA (or RNA) that encodes for the synthesis of a gene product which can be either RNA or a protein
Define gene locus?
A genes exact position on the chromosome
Define a paternal chromosome?
A chromosome which was inherited from the father
Define maternal chromosome?
A chromosome which was inherited from the mother
Key features of a homologous chromosome?
Homologous chromosomes come in pairs
Homologous chromosomes contain the same genes at the same loci
Define allele?
A version of a gene
How many dominant alleles of a dominant disease does a person need in their genotype in order to get the disease?
one
In order to suffer from a recessive disease, an individual’s genotype must…
contain two recessive alleles of that gene
What are sex chromosomes ?
a pair of chromosomes which determine the gender and secondary sexual characteristics of an individual.
Define autosomes?
non-sex chromosomes and any genes found on these chromosomes are autosomal
Whats pair 23 of chromosomes?
they are the sex chromosomes and humans can have either X chromosomes or Y chromosomes
Which is smaller, the x or the y chromosome? and why is this a problem?
The Y chromosome
This means its therefore missing some of the genes that are carried on the X chromosome.
What is red-green colour blindness?
Red-green colour blindness is a recessive sex-linked disease that is carried on the X chromosome in humans.
Define asymptomatic carriers
Individuals who carry the recessive allele in their genotype but don’t suffer from the disease
