Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cytogen > Transcription > Flashcards

Transcription Flashcards

1
Q

DNA’s code is copied and taken to the

A

cytosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

after transcription, mRNA without modification is just a

A

primary transcript

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what will happen to a primary transcript that goes outside the nucleus?

A

destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

process of copying the sequence of one strand of DNA

A

transcription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

key factors of transcription:

A

[PERT]
Promoter and its key element
- TATA box
Enhancers and Silencers
RNA Polymerase II
Transcription factors
- for recruitment of RNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

catalyzes the formation of rRNA

A

Polymerase i

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

catalyzes the formation of mRNA

A

Polymerase II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

catalyzes the formation of tRNA

A

Polymerase III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

tells the RNA polymerase where to attach and begin transcription

A

promoter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

region on DNA where RNA polymerase must begin the transcription of RNA

A

promoter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TATA box (hogness box) is located here

A

promoter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

contain information for transcription initiation; major site for controlling of gene expression

A

promoter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

promoters are found before the transcriptional start site, approximately how many nucleotides?

A

25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

true or false. TATA-less promoters cannot control transcription

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the elements of TATA-less promoters

A

Inr (initiator element)
DPE (downstream promoter element)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

found 1 nucleotide before the transcription site

A

Inr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

found 28 or 34+ nucleotides before the transcription site

A

DPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

TCA (G/C) T (T/C)

A

Inr

19
Q

(A/G) G (A/T) CGTG

A

DPE

20
Q

forms an apparatus that binds DNA and initiates transcription

A

transcription factors

21
Q

activated by signals from outside the cell such as hormones and growth factors

A

transcription factors

22
Q

sets the stage for transcription by forming a pocking or RNA polymerase

A

transcription factors

23
Q

transcription steps:

A

[IET]
Initiation
Elongation
Termination

24
Q

binds to the TATA box and recruits other TFs

A

TFIID

25
Q

stabilizes the TFIID

A

TFIIA

26
Q

aids in the start site selection of RNA pol II; links the RNA pol II

A

TFIIB

27
Q

destabilizes non-specific interactions of RNA pol II and DNA

A

TFIIF

28
Q

RNA pol II binds in what state?

A

unphosphorylated state

29
Q

what happens to RNA pol II once IIA, IIB, and IIF are present?

A

deactivated

30
Q

what binds to form the pre-initiation complex (PIC)?

A

IIE and IIH

31
Q

controls the function of IIH and enhances the melting of the promoter

A

IIE

32
Q

as a helicase, it melts the promoter; as a kinase, it activates RNA pol II

A

IIH

33
Q

due to TFIIH, RNA pol II is

A

phosphorylated

34
Q

in this step, nucleotides are added

A

elongation

35
Q

termination signal

A

AAUAAA

36
Q

cleaves the RNA from RNA pol II

A

CPSF
- Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specificity Factor

37
Q

RNA that is a direct copy if the DNA

A

primary transcript

38
Q

methods to increase the stability of mRNA being exported to the cytoplasm

A

RNA capping
Polyadenylation

39
Q

RNA capping (addition of GTP) happens at the __ end of the RNA

A

5’

40
Q

purpose of RNA capping:

A

(1) protects the RNA from exonucleases
(2) allows the ribosome to recognize the beginning of mRNA

41
Q

modifies the 3’ end of the primary transcript

A

polyadenylation

42
Q

plays a role in the stability of mRNA and helps in its transport to the cytoplasm

A

poly(A) tail

43
Q

ribonucleoproteins that form spliceosomes

A

snRNPs

44
Q

cuts the introns and attaches the exons

A

spliceosome

Cytogen (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions