DNA Replication

Question 1

During the replication process, the two complementary
strands of DNA come apart and serve as _____ for the synthesis of 2 new strands of DNA

Answer 1

template or parental strands

Question 2

To complete the replication process, what bond is
formed between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the sugar of the previous nucleotide?

Answer 2

covalent bond

Question 3

how are two DNA strands linked together?

Answer 3

through hydrogen bonding

Question 4

process by which a double-stranded DNA is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules

Answer 4

DNA replication

Question 5

DNA replication models:

Answer 5

[SCD]
semiconservative
conservative
dispersive

Question 6

the double-stranded DNA is half conserved following the replication process; it is a complex of an old parental strand and one daughter strand

Answer 6

semiconservative replication

Question 7

both parental strands of DNA remain together following DNA replication; parental strands is completely conserved, and two newly made daughter strands also remain together following replication

Answer 7

conservative replication

Question 8

segments of parental DNA and newly made DNA are interspersed in both strands following the replication process; contain a part of the old and new

Answer 8

dispersive replication

Question 9

what is the correct model for DNA replication?

Answer 9

semiconservative replication

Question 10

before a cell divides, DNA must first be

Answer 10

copied

Question 11

in what phase is DNA copied?

Answer 11

S phase of interphase

Question 12

what forms when DNA opens are the origin?

Answer 12

replication bubbles

Question 13

replicating units that form bubbles and are stretches of DNA with a single origin of replication

Answer 13

replicons

Question 14

synthesizes the leading strand

Answer 14

continuous replication

Question 15

synthesizes the lagging strand

Answer 15

discontinuous replication

Question 16

3’-5’ template strand, runs in 5’-3’ direction, replicates towards the replication fork

Answer 16

leading strand

Question 17

5’-3’ template strand, runs in 3’-5’ direction, replicates away from the replication fork

Answer 17

lagging strand

Question 18

short segments where the lagging strand occurs

Answer 18

okazaki fragments

Question 19

DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides in what direction?

Answer 19

5’ to 3’

Question 20

unzipping enzyme; unwinds the DNA double helix

Answer 20

helicase

Question 21

initializer; synthesizes short oligonucleotides

Answer 21

primase

Question 22

allows the leading strand to be threaded through

Answer 22

clamp protein

Question 23

builder; join the assembled nucleotides

Answer 23

DNA polymerase

Question 24

gluer; join okazaki fragments in the lagging strands; spot welder

Answer 24

ligase

Question 25

fills in small DNA fragments during replication and repair

Answer 25

DNA polymerase I

Question 26

alternative repair polymerase

Answer 26

DNA polymerase II

Question 27

major DNA polymerase during normal DNA replication

Answer 27

DNA polymerase III

Question 28

arrange the steps: (a) primase creates the primers on both strands (b) single-stranded binding proteins attach and keep the 2 DNA strands separated and untwisted (c) DNA polymerase can add the new nucleotides (d) helicase unwinds the DNA and separates the strands

Answer 28

D, B, A, C

Question 29

this enzyme attaches to the 2 forks of the bubble to relieve stress on the DNA molecule as it separates

Answer 29

topoisomerase

Question 30

alleviates positive supercoiling

Answer 30

topoisomerase II

Question 31

the purpose of primase is to build the ______ which attracts the _______

Answer 31

RNA primer, DNA polymerase

Question 32

this keeps the DNA strands seprated and untwisted

Answer 32

SSB

Question 33

DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the __ end of the sugar

Answer 33

3'

Question 34

arrange the steps: (e) replication continues (f) DNA polymerase proofreads, checks activity, and replaces incorrect bases (g) ligase seals sugar-phosphate backbone (h) enzymes remove RNA primers

Answer 34

F, E, H, G

Question 35

where does energy for bonding come from?

Answer 35

from the nucleotides, which have three phosphates attached such as ATP | when bonds are broken, energy is released