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[OS 206] 1st Exam > Trans - Spleen, Pancreas, Small Intestine > Flashcards

Trans - Spleen, Pancreas, Small Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

region where the spleen is located

A

left hypochondriac / left upper quadrant

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2
Q

the spleen lies under the cover of what ribs

A

9th - 11th ribs in the midaxillary line

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3
Q

most frequently injured abdominal organ

A

spleen

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4
Q

T/F: the normal spleen is faintly palpable

A

F

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5
Q

position of the spleen in the living body is assessed by:

A

percussion

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6
Q

ligaments that maintain the spleen’s position

A
  1. gastrosplenic ligament

2. splenorenal ligament

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7
Q

which surface of the spleen is smooth and convex

A

diaphragmatic surface

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8
Q

the splenic notch is located:

A

adjacent to the gastric surface (superior border of the visceral surface)

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9
Q

ligaments which stabilize the spleen connect to which part in it

A

splenic hilum

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10
Q

structure that separates the renal surface of the spleen from the phrenic surface

A

splenic artery

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11
Q

structure that carries blood vessels to and from the splenic pulp

A

trabeculae

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12
Q

arterial supply of the spleen comes from:

A
  1. splenic artery
  2. left gastroepiploic artery
  3. right gastroepiploic artery
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13
Q

venous drainage of the spleen

A

splenic vein draining into hepatic portal vein

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14
Q

lymphatic drainage of the spleen

A

pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes

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15
Q

innervation of the spleen

A

celiac nerve plexus

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16
Q

T/F: the innervation of the spleen is secretomotor

A

F, it is vasomotor

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17
Q

location of the pancreas

A

epigastric, left hypochondriac regions

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18
Q

T/F: the pancreas is a mainly interperitoneal organ

A

F, it is retroperitoneal

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19
Q

the pancreas crosses the bodies of which vertebrae

A

L1, L2

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20
Q

secretions of the pancreas

A
  1. exocrine - pancreatic juice

2. endocrine - insulin, glucagon

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21
Q

insulin and glucagon come from which specific areas of the pancreas

A

islets of Langerhans

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22
Q

subdivisions of the pancreas

A
  1. head
  2. neck
  3. body
  4. tail
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23
Q

what separates the head of the pancreas from the body

A

pancreatic incisures

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24
Q

projection from the inferior part of the pancreatic head, extending medially to the left

A

uncinate process

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25
Q

splenic hilum is in contact with what part of the pancreas

A

tail

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26
Q

the fibrous capsule of the spleen is composed of what type of connective tissue

A

dense irregular fibroelastic connective tissue

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27
Q

T/F: the entire body of the pancreas is covered by peritoneum

A

F, the anterior surface is covered with peritoneum but the posterior surface is not

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28
Q

most mobile portion of pancreas

A

tail

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29
Q

pancreatic arteries are derived from:

A

branches of splenic artery forming arcades with gastroduodenal and superior mesenteric arteries

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30
Q

blood supply to pancreatic head

A
  1. anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal
  2. posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal
  3. anterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal
  4. posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal
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31
Q

the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries are branches of:

A

gastroduodenal artery

32
Q

the anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries are branches of:

A

superior mesenteric artery

33
Q

blood supply to pancreatic body and tail

A

up to 10 branches of splenic artery, including

  1. dorsal pancreatic artery
  2. inferior pancreatic artery
  3. great pancreatic artery
34
Q

T/F: the duodenum must be removed when the pancreatic head is resected

A

T, because they share the same arterial supply

35
Q

pancreatic veins mostly empty into the:

A

splenic vein

36
Q

lymphatic drainage of the pancreas

A
  1. pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes

2. pyloric lymph nodes

37
Q

innervation of pancreas

A

derived from vagus and abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves (celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses)

38
Q

T/F: the parasympathetic innervation of the pancreas is secretomotor

39
Q

T/F: pancreatic secretion is primarily mediated by its parasympathetic innervation

A

F, secretion is primarily mediated by secretin and cholecystokinin

40
Q

the duct of Wirsung terminates in the

A

ampulla of Vater

41
Q

the duct of Santorini terminates in the

A

minor duodenal papilla

42
Q

the duct of Wirsung drains which parts of the pancreas

A

all except for the anterosuperior part of the head

43
Q

the duct of Santorini drains which part of the pancreas

A

anterosuperior part of head

44
Q

the duct of Wirsung unites with the common bile duct to form the

A

ampulla of Vater

45
Q

structure controlling the release of substances from the ampulla of Vater

A

sphincter of Oddi

46
Q

carcinoma of the head of the pancreas usually manifests with:

A

painless progressive jaundice and distension of the gallbladder

47
Q

carcinoma of the neck and body of the pancreas usually manifests with:

A

portal or IVC obstruction

48
Q

the small intestine extends from:

A

pylorus to ileocecal valve

49
Q

jejunum: define

A

proximal 2/5 of small intestine

50
Q

ileum: define

A

distal 3/5 of small intestine

51
Q

parts of the duodenum

A
  1. superior
  2. descending
  3. horizontal
  4. ascending
52
Q

longest part of the duodenum

A

horizontal duodenum

53
Q

structure extending from the right crus of the diaphragm to the ascending duodenum

A

suspensory ligament of Treizt

54
Q

arterial supply of superior duodenum

A

supraduodenal, retroduodenal, and duodenal twigs fro the right gastric, right gastroepiploic, and gastroduodenal/pancreaticoduodenal arteries

55
Q

venous drainage of the duodenum

A
  1. superior pancreaticoduodenal vein

2. inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein

56
Q

superior pancreaticoduodenal vein drains into:

A

portal vein

57
Q

inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein drains into:

A

superior mesenteric vein

58
Q

lymph drainage of the duodenum

A
  1. upward - to celiac nodes via pancreaticoduodenal nodes

2. downward - to superior mesenteric nodes via pancreaticoduodenal nodes

59
Q

innervation of the duodenum

A

celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses

60
Q

T/F: the lumen of the jejunum is wider that the lumen of the ileum

61
Q

T/F: the muscular wall of the ileum is thinner than that of the jejunum

62
Q

T/F: there is a greater number of arterial arcades in the jejunum than the ileum

63
Q

T/F: the mesentery of the jejunum is has less fat than that of the ileum

64
Q

T/F: Peyer’s patches are found throughout the small intestine

A

F, they are found in the ileum

65
Q

T/F: the plicae circulares are uniformly distributed throughout the small intestine

A

F, they are most numerous in the duodenum and proximal jejunum

66
Q

blood supply of small intestine

A
  1. intestinal branches of superior mesenteric artery

2. ileocolic artery - lowest part of ileum

67
Q

venous drainage of small intestine

A

superior mesenteric vein

68
Q

lymph drainage of small intestine

A

superior mesenteric nodes

69
Q

innervation of small intestine

A

superior mesenteric plexus

70
Q

process by which penetrating injuries of the small intestine self-heal

A

mucosal plugging

71
Q

the part of the small intestine most prone to injury is the:

A

duodenum, because it is less moveable compared to the other parts

72
Q

intussuception occurs most commonly at the:

A

ileocecal junction

73
Q

largest branch of the celiac trunk

A

splenic artery

74
Q

cells of the pancreas that secrete pancreatic juice

A

acinar cells

75
Q

circular folds that appear 2.5cm – 5cm from the pylorus, which project into the intestinal lumen

A

plicae circulares / valves of Kerkring

76
Q

function of plicae circulares

A

increase surface area for absorption

[OS 206] 1st Exam (12 decks)

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