Trans - Plain and Contrast X Ray Studies Flashcards
gas appears as what color in xrays
black
fat appears as what color in xrays
dark gray
soft tissue/fluid appears as what color in xrays
light grey
bone/calcifications appear as what color in xrays
white
metal appears as what color in xrays
intense white
nothing per orem is required how many hours before examination
4-6 hours
why is NPO required
for better absorption of contrast media
what to examine in radiology of the abdomen
- gas pattern
- extraluminal air
- soft tissue masses
- calcifications
- foreign bodies
gas present in GIT is from:
swallowed air and bacterial production
T/F: there is always gas in the stomach
T, it forms the gastric bubble
T/F: gas is often absent in the rectum and sigmoid due to the presence of feces
F
the primary structures in the abdomen that are outlined in radiology are the:
- solid organs - liver, kidneys, spleen
2. hollow organs - GI tract
the contrast material used for abdominal studies is
barium sulfate
what volume of barium sulfate is ingested to image the GIT
1L of barium, plus 250cc midway
in a normal esophagogram, what is the texture of the visible wall
smooth
a normal esophagus that is not swallowing anything will appear ________ in radiology
collapsed
Difference of haustrae from plicae circulares in radiology
Haustral markings do not extend from wall to wall, plicae circulares markings do.
Small bowel obstructions are usually characterized by:
Stretched small bowel
Resting gastric fluid forming a pool in the fundus on the left-hand side
Gastric pseudotumor
Appearance of jejunum in radiology
Featherlike
Appearance of ileum in radiology
Springlike
Calcified fecal material in appendix that predisposes the patient to arthritis
Appendecolith
Highest points of the colon on the left and the right sides
Right side - hepatic flexure
Left side - splenic flexure
What flexure is more superior, hepatic or splenic?
Splenic flexure
Mobile areas of the colon
Transverse colon
Sigmoid colon
Which kidney is more superior?
Left kidney
T/F: The kidneys are immobile
F
T/F: The bladder is anterior to the kidneys
T
Appearance of the liver in radiology
Homogenous mass of soft tissue
Appearance of bladder in radiology
Solid organ due to the presence of fluid
Radiologic appearance of hepatomegaly
- Upper margin of liver is superior to the subcostal margin
2. Spleen extends inferiorly to the subcostal margin
Best modality for solid organs
Ultrasound
Tadpole shaped structure in the central abdomen
Pancreas
Color of gallstones in radiology
White
Ideal for visualization of ulcerations
Double contrast
Usual location of lymph adenopathies
Rectal area
Apple core deformity may indicate
Carcinoma
Tunneling of one part of the intestine into another part
Intussusception
Loss of innervation of the GI tract, feces cannot be pushed out
Hirschsprung Disease
