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[OS 206] 1st Exam > Trans - Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Trans - Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

anterior abdominal wall: superior border

A

costal margins (ribs 6 to 12), xiphoid process

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2
Q

anterior abdominal wall: inferior border

A

ASIS, inguinal ligament, pubic crest, pubic symphysis

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3
Q

at what level is the umbilicus found

A

between L3 and L4

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4
Q

the inguinal ligament marks what dermatome

A

T10

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5
Q

union of the aponeuroses of the flat muscles of the left and the right side

A

linea alba

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6
Q

lateral margin of the rectus abdominis

A

linea semilunaris

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7
Q

transverse attachments between the anterior rectus sheath and the rectus abdominis muscle

A

tendinous intersections

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8
Q

structure that indicates the site of the inguinal ligament

A

inguinal groove

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9
Q

the abdomen is divided into 4 quadrants by what planes

A
  1. median plane

2. transumbilical plane

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10
Q

the abdomen is divided into 9 regions by what planes

A
  1. transpyloric plane
  2. transtubercular / intertubercular plane
  3. left midclavicular plane
  4. right midclavicular plane
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11
Q

the transpyloric plane is at the level of:

A

L1-L2

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12
Q

the transtubercular plane is at the level of:

A

L5

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13
Q

the subcostal plane is at the level of:

A

L3

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14
Q

visceral pain often is referred to what region

A

umbilical

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15
Q

superficial fatty layer of superficial fascia

A

Camper’s fascia

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16
Q

deep membranous layer of superficial fascia

A

Scarpa’s fascia

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17
Q

thin membranous sheath lying beneath the three muscles and the linea alba

A

transversalis fascia

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18
Q

external oblique: direction of fibers

A

inferomedially

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19
Q

internal oblique: direction of fibers

A

mainly superomedial, becomes inferomedial as it nears the inguinal ligament

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20
Q

conjoint tendon is formed by

A

internal oblique and transversus abdominis aponeuroses

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21
Q

fascia opposing the erector spinae muscles

A

thoracolumbar fascia

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22
Q

innermost of the flat abdominal muscles

A

transversus abdominis

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23
Q

external oblique: innervation

A

T6-T12

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24
Q

rectus abdominis: action

A

flexor of trunk

prevents hyperextension

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25
Q

small triangular muscle in anterior abdominal wall

A

pyramidalis

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26
Q

T/F: the epigastric vessels are found within the rectus sheath

A

T

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27
Q

anterior rectus sheath is formed by

A
  1. aponeurosis of external oblique

2. anterior lamina of superior 2/3 of internal oblique

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28
Q

posterior rectus sheath is formed by:

A
  1. aponeurosis of transversus abdominis

2. posterior lamina of superior 2/3 of internal oblique

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29
Q

linea semicircularis: define

A

line demarcating the termination of the posterior rectus sheath

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30
Q

branches of L1 ventral rami

A
  1. iliohypogastric nerve

2. ilioinguinal nerve

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31
Q

nerve supply of AAW superior to umbilicus

A

T7-T9

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32
Q

nerve supply of AAW at umbilicus

A

T10

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33
Q

nerve supply of AAW inferior to umbilicus

A

T11, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves

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34
Q

superior epigastric artery arises from

A

internal thoracic artery

35
Q

inferior epigastric artery arises from

A

external iliac artery

36
Q

superficial epigastric vein and lateral thoracic vein anastomose through:

A

thoracoepigastric vein

37
Q

lymph drainage above the umbilicus

A

axillary nodes, cervical nodes

38
Q

lymph drainage below the umbilicus

A

superficial inguinal nodes

39
Q

deep lymphatics of the AAW drain to the:

A
  1. external iliac nodes
  2. common iliac nodes
  3. lumbar/paraaortic nodes
40
Q

cisterna chyli: define

A

convergence of main lymphatic ducts of abdomen

41
Q

boundaries of Hesselbach’s trigone

A
  1. linea semilunaris
  2. inferior epigastric vessels
  3. inguinal ligament
42
Q

structure connecting inguinal and pectineal ligaments

A

lacunar ligament

43
Q

contents of inguinal canal

A
  1. spermatic cord or round ligament of uterus
  2. ilioinguinal nerve
  3. blood and lymph vessels
  4. patent sac for scrotum (male babies)
44
Q

peritoneal sac that the testes brings as it descends

A

processus vaginalis

45
Q

internal spermatic fascia is from

A

transversalis fascia

46
Q

cremaster muscle is from

A

internal oblique

47
Q

external spermatic fascia is from

A

external oblique

48
Q

contents of spermatic cord

A 
1. pampiniform venous plexus
2, ductus deferens
3. cremasteric artery
4. testicular artery
5. artery of the ductus deferens
6. sympathetic nerve fibers
7. lymphatic vessels
49
Q

layers of the anterior abdominal wall (from outer to inner)

A
  1. skin
  2. superficial fascia
  3. deep fascia
  4. muscles
  5. transversalis fascia
  6. extraperitoneal fat
  7. parietal peritoneum
50
Q

supravesical fossa lies between

A

medial and median umbilical folds

51
Q

medial inguinal fossa lies between

A

medial and lateral umbilical folds

52
Q

lateral inguinal fossa is located

A

lateral to the lateral umbilical folds

53
Q

falciform ligament contains:

A

round ligament of the liver

54
Q

round ligament of the liver is a remnant of the:

A

umbilical vein

55
Q

innervations of diaphragm

A
  1. phrenic nerve
  2. intercostal nerves
  3. subcostal nerves
56
Q

what is the largest leaf of the diaphragm aponeurosis

A

right lateral leaf

57
Q

median arcuate ligament passes over:

58
Q

medial arcuate ligament passes over:

A

psoas muscle

59
Q

lateral arcuate ligament passes over

A

quadratus lumborum

60
Q

migration of structures outside normal anatomical location

61
Q

indirect hernia - characteristics

A

lateral to inferior epigastric vessels, usually congenital

62
Q

direct hernia - characteristics

A

medial to inferior epigastric vessels, usually in older people with weaker abdominal walls

63
Q

thin potential space within the abdominal cavity and continuing to the pelvic cavity

A

peritoneal cavity

64
Q

difference of pain localization between parietal and visceral peritoneum

A

parietal - sensitive to pain, pain is well-localized

visceral - insensitive to pain, pain is not well localized

65
Q

3 parts of the greater omentum

A
  1. gastrocolic ligament
  2. gastrosplenic ligament
  3. gastrophrenic ligament
66
Q

lesser omentum connects which two structures

A

stomach and liver

67
Q

components of lesser omentum

A
  1. gastrohepatic ligament

2. hepatoduodenal ligament

68
Q

what is contained within the hepatoduodenal ligament

A

portal triad

69
Q

significance of Pringle’s maneuver

A

stop blood flow from lacerated liver

70
Q

structure that divides the peritoneal cavity into supracolic and infracolic compartments

A

gastrocolic ligament

71
Q

most dependent portion of abdominal cavity

A

hepatorenal recess / pouch of Morison

72
Q

most dependent portion of infracolic compartment in females

A

rectouterine pouch / pouch of Douglas

73
Q

most dependent portion of infracolic compartment in males

A

rectovesical pouch

74
Q

the lesser sac is also known as the

A

omental bursa

75
Q

opening into the lesser sac

A

foramen of Winslow

76
Q

ordering of the portal triad

A

anterior left: artery
anterior right: bile duct
posterior: vein

77
Q

what divides the infracolic compartment into the right and left subcompartments

A

mesentery of the small intestine

78
Q

lesser omentum arises from

A

lesser curvature of the stomach

79
Q

greater omentum arises from

A

greater curvature of the stomach

80
Q

greater omentum connects which structures

A
  1. stomach and colon
  2. stomach and spleen
  3. stomach and diaphragm
81
Q

examples of intraperitoneal structures

A

Stomach first part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, superior rectum, gallbladder, spleen

82
Q

examples of retroperitoneal structures

A

Kidneys, ureters, aorta, inferior vena cava, part of duodenum, part of pancreas

83
Q

T/F: the peritoneal cavity is an actual space

[OS 206] 1st Exam (12 decks)

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