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[OS 206] 1st Exam > Trans - Radiology of the Pelvis > Flashcards

Trans - Radiology of the Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Primary modality in imaging pelvic organs

A

Ultrasound

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2
Q

Used to diagnose congenital abnormalities and mechanical causes of infertility

A

HSG

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3
Q

Transducer type with greater spatial resolution but limited penetration

A

High frequency

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4
Q

High frequency transducers are used for

A

endoluminal applications

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5
Q

Endocavitary transducers are used for:

A

transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound

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6
Q

Transducer used for small parts and children

A

linear transducer

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7
Q

Transducer type with greater spatial penetration but poor resolution

A

Low frequency

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8
Q

Transducer used for abdominal, pelvic, obstetric ultrasound

A

convex transducer

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9
Q

Swinging the transducer left to right produces:

A

sagittal image

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10
Q

Swinging the transducer up and down produces

A

transverse image

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11
Q

shape of prepubertal infantile uterus

A

cigar-shaped

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12
Q

shape of postpubertal uterus

A

pear-shaped

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13
Q

difference of anteverted/retroverted from anteflexed/retroflexed

A
  • verted - pointing in anterior (ante) or posterior (retro) directions
  • flexed - folded anteriorly (ante) or posteriorly (retro)
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14
Q

for imaging the uterus, how is the ultrasound done so that it is clearer

A

transvaginal approach

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15
Q

an ovarian physiologic cyst resolves in

A

10 weeks

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16
Q

how to differentiate an endometrioma from a hemorrhagic cyst in the ovary

A

endometrioma - does not resolve in 2 weeks

hemorrhagic cyst - resolves in 2 weeks

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17
Q

adnexa are composed of:

A

Ovaries
Fallopian tube
Broad ligament
Ovarian and uterine vessels

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18
Q

dense fibrous tissue covering the testis

A

tunica albuginea

19
Q

invagination of tunica albuginea produces

A

mediastinal testes

20
Q

Transverse view of both testes

A

Dolly Parton view

21
Q

When the uterus is in the secretory stage, it is uniformly _________

A

Echogenic (light gray to white)

22
Q

Trilaminar endometrium seen in pelvic imaging is indicative of what phase of the menstrual cycle?

A

Proliferative phase

23
Q

These kinds of follicles are seen in postmenoposal ovary

A

No follicles are seen in postmenoposal ovaries

24
Q

Focal lesions in the ovary; cysts with thick walls and variable internal echoes due to hemorrhage

A

Endometrioma

25
Q

Condition resulting from minimal fluid in sac, manifesting as anechoic fluid surrounding the testicle

A

Hydrocoele

26
Q

Condition resulting in increased vascularity of epididymis and testes, producing hyperechoic ultrasound images

A

Acute epididymo-orchitis

27
Q

Acute epididymo-orchitis is (hypoechoic/hyperechoic) while hydrocoele is (hypoechoic/hyperechoic)

A

Acute epididymo-orchitis – hyperechoic

Hydrocoele – hypoechoic

28
Q

View best used to compare testes and detect focal abnormalities

A

Dolly Parton View (transverse view of both testes)

29
Q

A patient with benign prostatic hypertrophy will manifest the following findings on a transabdominal ultrasound of prostate and bladder, EXCEPT

a. enlarged central portion of prostate
b. enlarged peripheral portion of prostate
c. increased heterogeneity of prostatic image

A

B

30
Q

A convoluted, hypoechoic structure at the base of the prostate and urinary bladder

A

Seminal vesicle

31
Q

In a T2 MRI, a urine-distended bladder is colored ____

A

White

32
Q

Given a CT Scan, arrange the following structures in order of decreasing Hounsfield unit index: Fluid, air, bone, soft tissue

A

Air > Bone > Soft Tissue > Fluid

33
Q

This is the linear transformation of the original transformation coefficiant measurement into one in which the radiodensity of distilled water at STP is defined as zero

A

Hounsfield units (HU)

34
Q

An advantage of this imaging procedure is its outstanding soft tissue contrast resolution.

A

MRI

35
Q

A normal uterus appearing in a T-2 weighed MRI shows that the endometrium has (a)___ intensity, the inner myometrium has (b)___ intensity and outer myometrium has (c)___ intensity.

A

a. Low
b. High
c. Intermediate

36
Q

Contrast spilling into the peritoneum in hysterosalpingography indicate that _______

A

Fallopian tubes are patent (contrast material spills out of the fimbriated ends into the peritoneal cavity)

37
Q

A normal hysterosalpingography will show:

A

contrast fluid spilling into the peritoneal cavity

38
Q

Procedure used to visualize uterine canal and fallopian tubes, done under fluoroscopy

A

Hysterosalpingography

39
Q

medium with HU <10

A

fluid

40
Q

medium with HU < 1000

A

air

41
Q

medium with HU > 400

A

bone

42
Q

medium with HU from 40-80

A

soft tissue

43
Q

When one wall of the bladder seems thicker than the other in imagine, the likely abnormality is

A

Cystitis

[OS 206] 1st Exam (12 decks)

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