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pharm > tranlecture3 > Flashcards

tranlecture3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is atropine

A

a muscarinic receptor antagonists directly inhibits the receptors.

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2
Q

tell me about atropine chemicly

A

tertiary amine

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3
Q

how does atropine work

A

competes with Ach at M1 M2 and M3

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4
Q

what are the effects of atropine

A

decreased secretions saliva, mydrisasis and cycloplegia, hyperthermia, tachycardia, sedation, urinary retention and constipation, and behavioral excitation and hallucinations completely counteracts peripheral vasodilation caused by choline esters but does affect blood pressure when given alone.

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5
Q

what plant does atroptin come from

A

atropa belladona

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6
Q

what are some clinical uses for atropine

A

antispamodic, antisecretoryu, aChE overdoes, antidiarrheal, opthalmology, prevents vagal reaction in some procedures,pericardiocentesis,.

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7
Q

How do you treat atropine intoxication

A

symptomatic, physostigmine.

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8
Q

what are the properties of Ipratropium

A

maily acts on M3 in brockhial SMC and glands when inhaled but overall nonselective is a quartermary amine

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9
Q

what are the effects of Ipratropium

A

decreaed bronchiconstiction and secretions for asthma and COPD

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10
Q

what are the properties of Benxtropine

A

tertiary amine good CNS absorption acts on muscarinic receptors in brain parasymphtehtic effector sites

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11
Q

what are the effects of benztropine

A

re establish dopamineri cholinegic balance in parkinsons disease

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12
Q

what are some ganglion blocking agents and are they common

A

hexamethonium and mecamylamine no most are no longer available because of toxicities

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13
Q

what are the two groups of neruomuscular blocking drugs antinicotinic Nm

A

nondepolarixing blockers, and depolarizing blockers

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14
Q

what is the structure of neuromuscular blocking drugs

A

similari to Ach

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15
Q

do neruomuscular blocking drugs work on the Cns

A

no because they are quartnerary amines

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16
Q

what are the neruomuscular blocking drugs used for

A

adjuncts during general anesthesia facilitate intubation

17
Q

what is Tubocurarine

A

a prototype that prevents the opening of the channel when bound to recpetore comptete with Ach non depolarizing blocker

18
Q

what is succinylcholine

A

depolarzing nueromuscular blocker, binding to Nmdepolariing and makes it persistant augmented by Ace inhibitors, and desisitized the blocker,

19
Q

what are the clinical uses of succynicl choline

A

decreaed nerumuslca transmission during anethesia but diaphram responds last,

20
Q

what are the side effects of succynicl choline

A

hypotension due to histamine release prevent with antihistamines, hyperkalemia potassium found in muscles, increaed gastric pressure can cause vomiting, muscle pain increased intraocular pressure.

21
Q

what is the rate limiting step in catecholamine synthesis

A

tyrosine hydroxylase tyrosine to dopa

22
Q

what is tyramine used for

A

accessory pathway to go from tyrosine or tyramine found in fermented cheeses can lead to norepinephrine

23
Q

what drug will block tyrosine hydrolylase

A

metyrosine

24
Q

what drug will block the storage of NE and epiniphrine and what can it treat

A

reserpine it can still treat hypertension but some sedative effects.

25
Q

what drug will inhibit the fusion of the vesicle of Ne or Epinephrin to the membrane

A

bretylium this will ihibit the fusion

26
Q

what enzymes in the mitochondria will degrade NE or epinephrin

A

Monoamine oxidase or MAO

27
Q

what transporter will reuptake NE for degradation or repackaging

A

NET1

28
Q

what drugs effect the NET1 transporter

A

cocain, tricyclic, and antidepressents

29
Q

what is the mechanism of alpha1

A

G protein coupled receptors, agonist, gq activates phopholipase c, increaed Ip3 activated protein kinase and activated PKC

30
Q

what is the mechanisms of Beta 1

A

increase in cyclic AMP or cAMP activating many cellular effects,

pharm (11 decks)

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