Training Flashcards
Define exercise
Includes the conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy
What is the study of the horse’s body in response to exercise?
Exercise physiology
What is included in exercise physiology?
Studying skeletal muscle, the blood and its circulation, the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system
What is aerobic work defined as?
Exercise of low intensity at a heart rate below 150 beats per minute during which glucose and fatty acids are the primary fuels
What are examples of aerobic work for horses?
Walking, trotting, and slow cantering
OBLA is indicative of endurance or aerobic fitness. What does OBLA stand for?
Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation
What is anaerobic work?
Exercise of high intensity at a heart rate over 150 beats per minute during which glycogen, ATP, and creatine phosphate are the primary fuel sources
What are examples of anaerobic work?
Short sprints or a long, fast gallop
What is the psychological term analogous to training?
Shaping
What is another name for training?
Shaping
Name three types of negative stimuli?
Punishment, Escape, Avoidance
What are the three environmental influences that are fundamental to the psychology of training?
Stimuli, response, reinforcement
What kind of reinforcement do we use when we use punishment to train a horse?
Negative reinforcement
What are the three parts of a training program?
Initial stage, developmental stage, and maintenance stage
What are horsemen referring to when they use the principle of extinction?
It is when they advise to ignore certain acts of the horse so the horse will forget and quit doing them
What type of exercise should a conditioning program start with?
Low speed, long distance exercises
What type of training can be compared to ballet training because it progressively develops the horse’s musculature and coordination?
Dressage
Name three elements that you will see in a reining patern
Small slow circles, large fast circles, flying lead changes, roll back over the hocks, 360 degree spins done in place, sliding stop
Which gait has been termed the “mother of all gaits?”
The walk
This practice has become popular for conditioning horse, particularly those with leg problems. The exercise increases stamina, wind and muscle tone while preventing trauma to the feet and legs.
Swimming
What do you call an acquired habit that is annoying or may interfere with the horse’s usefulness?
Vice
How many beats are in the running walk?
Four
A horse that is loping in a clockwise circle is on which lead?
Right
In pleasure Trail Obstacles classes list the things that would define a rider as “off course”
1)taking an obstacle in the wrong direction 2)Negotiating an obstacle from the wrong side 3)Skipping an obstacle unless directed by judges 4)Negotiating obstacles in wrong sequence 5) Not following the correct line of travel
What is the minimum size for a training arena?
60by100ft
What are the five walk gaits in a dressage test?
Working walk, collected walk, medium walk, extended walk, and free walk
What is a mechanical device that leads horses in a circle at a slow walk in order to cool them after training?
Hot Walker
What are four types of aggressive behavior in horses?
Lunging, crowding, biting, kicking, rearing, or strucking
A horse that resists being ridden away from the barn is considered to be what?
Barn sour
What is the term for a horse that is wild or existing in a natural, non-domesticated state?
Feral
When used in regards to horses, this term indicated dominance hierarchy or order of dominance.
Pecking order
What type of horse should a novice rider choose?
An older, well-trained animal that is experienced in many types of situations
