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CDRS Exam > Traffic Safety > Flashcards

Traffic Safety Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of hazardous driving

A

Mind and body are in different places, creating an increased risk when driving

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2
Q

What are the main collision avoidance theories

A

Smith system
SIPDE
Defensive driving – unifying theory

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3
Q

Smith system rules

A
  1. aim high in steering, 12 to 15 seconds ahead
  2. Get the big picture – 360° awareness
    3. Keep your eyes moving – every two seconds
  3. Leave yourself and out
  4. Make sure they see you – I contact, Horn, daytime headlights
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4
Q

SIPDE  Tips

A

– Best way to handle potential collisions
-separate risks, deal with one at a time, give yourself an out
– Teach driver they have control over speed and position and remind them often
Teach by breaking down each step(Search simple, then complex; identify simple, then complex; etc.)
– Teach they sometimes need to compromise right away

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5
Q

SIPDE driver actions

A

Isolate the incident
Stabilize
Separate risks
Compromise

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6
Q

Defensive driving rules

A

Be prepared to avoid an accident
Maintaining adequate space Cushion
Maintain a clear field of vision
Keep aware of the key elements
Communicate and be seen


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7
Q

Essential strategies for all collision avoidance theories

A

Escape space
visibility
Communication

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8
Q

Recommended following distance is for normal driving conditions

A

3 to 4 seconds

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9
Q

Recommended following distance for abnormal conditions – night

A

4 to 6 seconds

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10
Q

Recommended following distance for hazardous conditions – snow/ice

A

Eight seconds

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11
Q

Risks associated with stopping too far behind other vehicles

A

Cars cut you off
Car behind not expecting you to stop so soon/rear end

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12
Q

Void spaces of standard vehicles

A

Driver side – 5 feet
Passenger side – 15 feet
Front – 25 feet
Rear – 45 feet

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13
Q

How to teach avoid spaces

A

While in parking lot:
Go to different areas so they can see what they cannot see
Same strategy for mirrors
Lock the car to see the space
How close are you training – use tape measure

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14
Q

Six basic vehicle positions

A

Vehicle ahead
Vehicle behind
Vehicle approaching from opposite direction
Vehicle approaching from angle
Vehicle passing
Passing another vehicle

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15
Q

What are possible hazards – list of them

A

Rear end
Vehicle entering
Head on
Sideswipe
Runoff Road
Pedestrians
Animals

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16
Q

When did turn off high beams

A

When following another car within 500 feet
200 to 500 feet when approaching oncoming traffic

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17
Q

How long is a rear no zone for semi

A

75 feet

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18
Q

How far ahead should you scan

A

20 to 30 seconds
Central vision focused at 10 to 12 seconds ahead

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19
Q

Scanning car is parked along the road

A

Look for lights
Look for exhaust
Look for turning front wheels
Look for driver presents

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20
Q

How to go at a four way stop

A

Take foot off break, roll, if no one steals your turn then proceed

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21
Q

Instructional strategies

A

Give directions 1000 feet in advance
State where then what
Step-by-step cues at first for a new drivers
Drawings
Practice turns without gas pedal
Practice breaking without breaking the egg

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22
Q

Right turn tips

A

Sharp turn requires five mph
Allow a minimum of three seconds in traffic time and space when turning into traffic

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23
Q

Tips for curves

A

Glide or coast through the turn/curve
Begin to accelerate when coming out of turn/curve
Look at the highline of curve as far as you can see and drive to it

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24
Q

Tips for left turns

A

Three seconds to clear first lane plus one second for each additional lane

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25
Point of no return
 yellow light lasts 3–5 seconds If in or entering intersection proceed and clear the intersection If the Wayne lines have turned solid you probably need to go Pay attention to person behind you when making your decision
26
Safe backing procedures
Avoid backing if possible Get out and look Signal the direction you are turning the wheel Two lights tops on horn if blind spot is present Get a helper if needed Always move slowly and cautiously
27
When must a driver yield
School buses loading/unloading students Emergency vehicles Blind or visually impaired Pedestrians Vehicles using through streets Drivers on right at intersections Are the drivers too close or overtaking
28
Three aspects that contribute to stopping distance
Time to identify hazard Time to apply brakes Time for vehicle to stop
29
Definition of point of perception
First available point for seeing a hazard
30
Point of reaction definition
Driver first makes a response
31
Definition of S turn
Moving into an intersection in an S movement to enhance seeing around opposing vehicle
32
Definition of clean scan
Looking at Row Park cars for possible movement
33
Definition of closure rate
Time to object based on speed and distance
34
Definition of traffic flow
Overall movement of traffic in a given space and time
35
Definition of Oversteer
Attempting to steer and rear slides out into skid
36
Definition of understeer
Attempting to turn and front Plaza head
37
Definition of electronic stability control – ESC
Engine acceleration in computer reduces loss of control
38
How to teach unique intersections
Draw it out Watch a video Passenger
39
Speed of wind for which you should not be driving in
Greater than 20 mph
40
How to handle a brake failure
Downshift to low range Pump break fast and hard Apply parking brake Find escape route Sound horn flash lights Turn off ignition
41
How to handle stuck accelerator
Shift to neutral/turn off ignition Apply brakes Eyes on the road Flashlights Try to drive safely off the road Place vehicle in park
42
How to handle engine overheating
Roll windows down Turn on heater Pull over pop hood
43
Monthly check ups to help minimize on road emergencies
Lights for burned out bulbs Battery fluid level/charge indicator Engine oil level Brake pedal firmness/pressure/operation Transmission fluid level Brake fluid level Tire pressure/treadwear Coolant level and the system Houses and belts that control fan/compressor Windshield wipers/fluid Power steering fluid level
44
Prerequisites to on the road training
Permit Knowledge of rules of the road and necessary capacities Previous remediation to optimize abilities Optimal time for training Funding Social support
45
Rules for drs to follow for behind the wheel training
Keep it simple build on skillsy Move to next skill when competency is reached with previous lessons Try different ways to teach Avoid information overload but discuss when mistakes happen and how to correct for improved understanding
46
Steps for training
Pre-driving habits Pre-driving instructions In vehicle: information and operating devices Protected area practice In vehicle: driving Skills level one Driving skills level two Driving skills level three Driving skills level four Driving skills level five Driving skills level six Driving skills level seven Driving skills level eight Driving skills a little nine Driving skills Littleton 
47
Pre-driving habits
Vehicle check Secure loose objects Closed doors and lock them Adjust seat Adjust mirrors Seatbelt
48
Pre-driving instructions
Expectations of each session Review of previous session Question/answers
49
In vehicle: information and operating devices
Headlights/highbeams Windshield wipers/washers  Horn Parking brake Hazard lights Interior lights HVAC controls Ignition switch Turn signals Gas cap release
50
Protected area practice
Stop and alignment Front and rear with fixed object Steering skill Turn steering wheel – 1/2, one, 1 1/2 Picture of the path – keep eyes up and turn head around turns Steer/recovery skills Figure 8 Forward and reverse
51
Driving skills level one
Blindspot Pre-driving habits Informational devices and controls Starting and stopping the vehicle Lane positions Right turn – residential Residential: lots of intersections, lots of stops, some roads with stop signs at end, little traffic
52
Driving skills level two
Lane change Traffic lights Left turns out the traffic lights Left turns – residential Left turn at the traffic lights (Right turns, left turns, through traffic lights, lane changes)
53
Driving skills level three
Backing straight Backing around the corner Intersection turns Three point turn, U-turn, two point turns, etc.
54
Driving skills level four
Parking lot Parallel parking Front and back and parking
55
Driving skills level five
Parking on a hill One-way streets Driving in heavy traffic Space visibility driving zones
56
Driving skills level six
Adverse conditions Exceptions to the rules Skills review Good time to drive in their own community, if able
57
Driving skills level seven
Independent driving Emergency procedures GPS Plan B
58
Driving skills level eight
Freeway driving: merging, changing lanes, exiting
59
Driving skills level nine
Road test prep Simulator driving test
60
Driving skills level 10
Road test
61
Classification of severity of errors
Minor: does not compromise safety -limit lines, light speeding, rolling through stop sign when no one around Questionable error: single or infrequent air where safety could have been compromised - blind spot checks Major error: compromises safety of self or others – running red light, left turn in front of oncoming vehicle, etc.
62
How to deal with client fears
Use severity rating scale Verify driver will not be forced to go beyond level of agreement Build slowly Strategies: topping, wait on shoulders, listening to music
63
How to deal with borderline or just marginal drivers
In some cases may need to take it very slow if still making progress
64
 When is steering assist required
Collision avoidance Lane positioning Assist for overturning or under turning Late to turn recovery Distracted behavior
65
When is instructor break required
Collision avoidance Failure to stop Excessive speed during turn/curves Speed control School zones Going to fast and not slowing when queued
66
Went to shift vehicle into neutral
To avoid a collision Speed control Unnecessary acceleration allows instructor increased control Distractive behavior  medical emergency Mostly if fully on the accelerator
67
Which ADLs skills demonstrate appropriate decision making an emotional maturity needed for driving
Prepare simple meal with oven/stove Drop off at mall for one hour I give grocery list and they go in and buy it Go around the block and cross a busy intersection dependently

CDRS Exam (16 decks)

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