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CDRS Exam > Cdrs Flashcards From Study Guide > Flashcards

Cdrs Flashcards From Study Guide

1
Q

Common side effect of diabetes that may make driving with OEM pedals dangerous

A

-peripheral neuropathy

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2
Q

An abbreviation for motor vehicle accident

A

Mva

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3
Q

What is the more common term for CVA

A

Stroke

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4
Q

An artificial device used to replace a missing body part, such as a limb

A

Prosthesis

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5
Q

The ability to smoothly visually follow objects in space, maintaining fixation in all directions while the head is held steady

A

Pursuit movements

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6
Q

Which side of the body does the brain’s right hemisphere control

A

Left

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7
Q

What is a possible funding source for a 26 year old who has had a SCI and would like to return to work?

A

Vocational rehab

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8
Q

The removal of a limb by trauma, medical illness, or surgery

A

Amputation

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9
Q

An abbreviation for health insurance portability and accountability act

A

HIPAA

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10
Q

An abbreviation for Rehabilitation Engineering and assistive technology society of America

A

Resna

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11
Q

A manual or power wheelchair, scooter, or ambulation aid that facilitates indoor and outdoor personal mobility

A

Mobility device or aid

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12
Q

This diagnosis occurs when the neural tube doesn’t close all the way; the backbone that protects the spinal cord doesn’t form and close as it should

A

Spina bifida

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13
Q

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for executive function skills

A

Frontal lobe

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14
Q

A machine that can be used to evaluate many visual skills, including acuity, depth perception, visual fields, and road sign knowledge

A

Optec

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15
Q

A term for client’s signed permission to obtain and release medical information

A

Informed consent

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16
Q

Time it takes for client to move from the gas to the brake in response to a stimulus

A

Reaction time

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17
Q

Cognitive ability that includes knowing your name and the current date

A

Orientation

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18
Q

An injury that causes loss of muscle use and sensation below the level of the injury

A

Sci

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19
Q

What agency dictates whether a client can drive with homonymous hemianopsia

A

State dmv/mva

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20
Q

A diagnosis that is likely to worsen over time

A

Progressive disability

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21
Q

If a person has language deficits, which side of the brain was most likely affected

A

Left

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22
Q

What main function does the brain’s occipital lobe control

A

Vision

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23
Q

An agency that provides financial assistance to clients with disabilities that have a goal to return to work or begin working

A

Vocational rehab

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24
Q

An individual who has obtained the necessary knowledge base and experience in the field of driver rehabilitation and who successfully obtained and maintained certification requirements set forth by the association for driver rehabilitation specialists (ADED)

A

Cdrs

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25
Q

Sufficient cervical and thoracic ROM is required to perform this driving task

A

Traffic checks

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26
Q

A group of genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement

A

Muscular dystrophy

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27
Q

A document that defines types of driving programs and services

A

Spectrum of driving services

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28
Q

Where would you determine what adaptive equipment is required for a client with a right foot amputation in your state

A

DMV regulations

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29
Q

What piece of equipment is used to determine how fast a client can move from the gas to the brake?

A

Reaction time tester

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30
Q

An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or caused by trauma at birth

A

Acquired brain injury

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31
Q

Short stature that results from a genetic or medical condition

A

Dwarfism

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32
Q

What is the term for the act that requires medical information to remain private

A

HIPAA

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33
Q

A person whose close relationship with an individual affects that individual’s behavior and attitudes. Usually a family member, spouse, child, employer, coworker, friend, or lover.

A

Significant other

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34
Q

A neurodegenerative disorder that affects predominantly dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra

A

Parkinson’s

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35
Q

What information should be included on an MD referral to driver rehab

A

-diagnosis, seizure history, medications

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36
Q

Visual perception of depth

A

Stereopsis

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37
Q

The ability to move the eyes together toward the nose

A

Convergence

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38
Q

Hyperactivity, impulsivity, and distractibilty are common traits of what disorder

A

ADHD

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39
Q

Which part of the brain is most responsible for balance

A

Cerebellum

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40
Q

Friedrich’s ataxia is a form of what larger category of diseases

A

Muscular dystrophy

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41
Q

Cognitive ability that includes judgement and problem solving

A

Executive function

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42
Q

The ability to quickly and accurately shift visual focus between two targets while the head is held steady

A

Saccadic eye movement

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43
Q

An abbreviation for continuing education units

A

Ceu

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44
Q

An abbreviation for National Mobility Equipment Dealers Association

A

Nmeda

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45
Q

What is a reasonable time limit for effective parallel parking

A

3 minutes

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46
Q

The ability to coordination multiple areas of the brain to achieve a desired outcome, such as solving novel problems, changing actions based on previous behavior, developing strategies, and sequencing a series of complex tasks

A

Executive function

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47
Q

A concomitant, but unrelated pathological or disease process comorbidity

A

Comorbidities

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48
Q

Wall-eyes. Eye misalignment in which one eye deviates outward (away from the nose) while the other fixates normally

A

Exotropia

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49
Q

A reserve or substitute source of energy in the event of failure in the primary equipment

A

Backup system

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50
Q

What is the most common equipment recommendation for a client with lower extremity peripheral neuropathy

A

Hand controls with steering device

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51
Q

A steering input device using a single upright post, completely moveable in multi axis, to control primary vehicle functions

A

Joystick controls

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52
Q

International standard that specifies design and performance requirements for wheelchair tie down and occupant restraint systems (WTORS)

A

ISO 10542

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53
Q

A steering wheel device with a curved oval shape that fits around the hand of the driver and allows for steering with hand in pronated plane

A

Cuff

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54
Q

Optical defect in an accommodating eye; parallel light rays are not brought to a sharp focus precisely on the retina, producing a blurred retinal image. Can be corrected by eye glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.

A

Refractive error

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55
Q

An abbreviation for U.S. federal motor vehicle safety standards

A

Fmvss

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56
Q

Strap or webbing designed to secure a person in a motor vehicle

A

Seat belt

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57
Q

A device installed in a a motor vehicle to prevent access to the accelerator pedal and/or brake pedal.

A

Pedal guard

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58
Q

Assists with VOR, but responds also to slowly moving objects

A

-cervico-ocular reflex (COR)

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59
Q

An abbreviation for short term memory

A

STM

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60
Q

Drooping of upper eyelid. May be congenital or caused by paralysis or weakness of the 3rd cranial nerve or sympathetic nerves, or by excessive weight of the upper lids

A

Ptosis

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61
Q

A device that attaches to the OEM gear selector and offers additional leverage for shifter operation

A

Gear shift extension

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62
Q

A component used to support a person in a desired position but that is not usually intended to provide occupant restraint during vehicle impact

A

Postural support

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63
Q

May perform in depth cognitive/visual perceptual testing

A

Neuropsychologist

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64
Q

What test is used to determine if protective sensation is present in a driver’s foot

A

-semmes weinstien monofilament

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65
Q

Specialists in the neural components of vision function

A

Neurotypical ophthalmologist

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66
Q

What adaptive equipment might be necessary for a driver with right hemiparesis to access the gas and brake.

A

Left foot accelerator

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67
Q

Cross eyes. Misalignment in which one eye deviates inward toward nose while the other fixates normally

A

Esotropia

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68
Q

Assessment modality for the strength of a muscle through manual evaluation. Rating is done by moving the involved part through its full ROM against gravity and then against gravity with resistance.

A

Mmt

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69
Q

A steering device used for a driver who steers with a prosthetic upper extremity

A

Amputee ring

70
Q

A complete set of safety equipment for use by wheelchair seated occupants of motor vehicles comprised of equipment for securing the wheelchair to the vehicle and equipment for keeping the wheelchair occupant in the wheelchair seat and limiting occupant movement during emergency vehicle manuevers and crash events (RESNA)

A

WTORS (Wheechair tiedowns and occupant restraint systems)

71
Q

Train in the use of adaptive equipment, such as microscopes, magnifiers, telescopes, CCTV, as well as adaptations for self-care and home management. While familiar with some basic O and M, they are not sufficiently trained to teach these skills

A

Certified low vision therapist(clvt)

72
Q

Teach self-care, home management, work, and leisure skills, including adaptive equipment and assistive technology. They are also trained to respond to the psychological aspects of illness and independence

A

Ot

73
Q

The controls of the vehicle governing movement and direction (i.e. accelerating, braking, and steering)

A

Primary controls

74
Q

Professional who makes and adjusts optical aids e.g. eyeglass lenses, from refraction prescriptions supplied by an ophthalmologists or optometrists

A

Optician

75
Q

An electronically powered base mounted between the floor of the vehicle and OEM or aftermarket seat. The base may be moved in a combination of needed directions.

A

Power seat base

76
Q

The ability and degree to which a client can recognize detail at various distances

A

Visual acuity

77
Q

Whenever there is a wheelchair in a vehicle what must also be included in the equipment recommendations

A

W/c lock downs

78
Q

A system requiring less force for operation than a low effort steering system. While it is recognized that no system is actually “zero” effort, this is the term commonly used in the adaptive automotive industry to refer to systems requiring the least amount of effort to turn the steering wheel.

A

-zero effort steering or no effort steering system

79
Q

The unconscious perception of movement and spatial orientation arising from stimuli within the body itself. In humans, these stimuli are detected by nerves within the body itself, as well as by the semicircular canals of the inner ear.

A

Proprioception

80
Q

What is one possible recommendation for a client who did fine at low speeds, but had trouble on the highway.

A

Pass with restrictions

81
Q

A device by which design will improve both grip and turning leverage for keys.

A

-adaptive key holder or quad key

82
Q

Train people to negotiate their environment using senses other than sight, and training with guide dogs. This is a highly specialized field, requiring a master’s degree. O&M instructors have to certify that their client is safe to negotiate all relevant environments safely.

A

-orientation and mobility instructors

83
Q

A device which uses power from an energy source of the vehicle to supplement the force and motions made by the driver to control acceleration, velocity, and braking of a vehicle.

A

Powered gas and brake system

84
Q

Nearsightedness refers to the focal point of the eye falling in front of the retina. The axial length of the eye in this case in longer than the hyperopic or emmetropic eye. Since the eye cannot adjust itself to this condition, such as by changing the shape of the lens, the most effective method of correction, without medical intervention, is to move closer to the object.

A

Myopia

85
Q

An alteration of substitution of an oem vehicle roof to provide greater headroom.

A

Raised roof

86
Q

Holds both eyes on rapidly moving object when the head is moving in the opposite direction.

A

-vestibular optic reflex (VOR)

87
Q

The area through which a joint may normally be freely and painlessly moved.

A

ROM

88
Q

Provide education in the use of adaptive devices for self-care and home-management, assistive devices such as CCTV, and braille instruction

A

-rehabilitation teachers (RT)

89
Q

The ability to perceive objects that are the same color as their background is what visual perceptual skill?

A

-figure ground

90
Q

Relating to or causing movements of the eyeball

A

Oculomotor

91
Q

Commonly found on lowered floor minivans. Allows a lower floor to ground height, thus decreasing the angle of the ramp entry system.

A

-kneeling system

92
Q

A steering device designed for a specific application of a driver.

A

-custom steering device

93
Q

A modification to the OEM power braking system to lower the amount of effort required to brake a vehicle approximately 75-95%.

A

-zero effort braking

94
Q

The value specified by the manufacturer as the maximum weight allowance when a fully loaded vehicle (all occupants, all cargo, full fuel tank, etc.) is weighed.

A

-gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR)

95
Q

An abbreviation for behind the wheel

A

Btw

96
Q

A modification to the OEM power brake system that reduces pedal effort. This term includes both low effort braking systems and no effort braking systems.

A

-reduced effort

97
Q
A

optometrists

98
Q
A

QAP

99
Q

Who should receive copies of the report summarizing the driving education (if applicable)

A

-funding source, referring MD, driver licensing agency, vehicle modifier, insurance company

100
Q

Device mounted to the brake and/or accelerator for use by a short stature driver

A

-pedal extensions

101
Q

These are all other devices or modifications that do not meet the definition of high technology devices or modifications

A

-low tech

102
Q

A permanently mounted brake on the passenger side of the vehicle

A

-instructor brake

103
Q

A system requiring less effort for operation than factor installed equipment, but more effort than a zero effort steering system

A

-low effort steering system

104
Q
A

knob

105
Q
A

accident, failed to fasten seatbelt, driving in improper lane, excessive speed, use of cell phone, passed a stop sign

106
Q

Area of the visual field within which a target can be detected

A

-functional field of view

107
Q

A parent or other licensed driver explaining what they are doing while driving to a novice driver

A

-commentary driving

108
Q
A

astigmatism

109
Q
A

refraction

110
Q

A steering wheel device with two vertical pins to stabilize the hand of the driver.

A

-U or V grip

111
Q

Test chart used for assessing visual acuity. Contains rows of letters, numbers, or symbols in standardized graded sizes, with a designated distance at which each row should be legible to a normal eye. Usually tested at 20 feet.

A

-snellen chart

112
Q

Controls that do not need to be operated when the vehicle is in motion, but do need to be accessible to the driver. Examples include: ignition, shifter, heat and air conditioning controls

A

-tertiary controls (aka non-rapid access secondary controls or mode b and c secondary controls

113
Q

An apparatus attached to the vehicle steering wheel to aid in turning the steering wheel.

A

-steering device

114
Q
A

blepharitis

115
Q

An alteration that lowers certain portions of the vehicle floor to facilitate access, vision, positioning and/or increase headroom.

A

-lowered floor

116
Q

Any individual or business that installs equipment or modifies vehicles for use by people with disabilities as a driver and/or passenger.

A

-mobility equipment dealer

117
Q
A

NHTSA

118
Q
A

accomodation

119
Q
A

strabismus

120
Q
A

ophthalmologists

121
Q

A modification to bring the steering wheel closer to the driver

A

-extended steering column

122
Q

Behind the wheel assessment or training conducted in an area of no traffic, such as a parking lot

A

-closed course

123
Q

A vehicle manufacturer who performs all manufacturing operations on a motor vehicle up to the point that the vehicle is certified as complying with all applicable federal motor vehicle standards.

A

-OEM/original equipment manufacturer

124
Q
A

aftermarket

125
Q

The performance or mental processing of two or more stimuli simultaneously

A

-divided attention

126
Q

The nerve leaving the eye is called the optic nerve. The optic nerve from each eye meets at the optic chiasm, where some of the neurons cross to join the neurons from the opposite eye. This begins the process of “blending” the images from each eye into one image. Once the neurons leave the chiasm they are called optic tracts.

A

-optic nerve/pathway

127
Q

A seat belt system using a lap belt (type 1 belt)

A

-two point seat belt

128
Q

Switches regulating the environment of the vehicle (heater, a/c, windows, radio, etc)

A

-accessory switch controls

129
Q

High technology devices are those that meet the following conditions: 1. Device capable of controlling vehicle functions or driving controls AND 2. Operate with a designed logic system or interface or integrate with an electronic system of the vehicle.

A

-high technology

130
Q

Changes or additions that allow vehicle access to drivers and passengers with physical disabilities, age related concerns, or both.

A

-adaptive equipment

131
Q

A locking mechanism, either manual or automatically operated, that is a feature incorporated into the design of some hand controls to restrict operation of the hand controls.

A

-hand control lock out

132
Q

A seat belt system that incorporates the lap and shoulder belt (type 2 belt)

A

-3 point seat belt

133
Q
A

aphasia

134
Q
A

hyperopia

135
Q

A system or device for restraining the occupant in a motor vehicle to prevent or minimize contact with the vehicle interior components and prevent ejection during a crash (SAE J2249).

A

-occupant restraint

136
Q

Equipment on a vehicle that is not needed to run or drive the vehicle and is not required by law. Examples include: stereo system, antenna, fog lights, trailer hitch, third brake light, power seats, a/c system, etc.

A

-auxiliary equipment

137
Q

A device that attaches to the OEM to signal lever to allow a different location for activation

A

-turn signal extension

138
Q
A

vision

139
Q

Behind the wheel assessment or training conducted on public roads in normal traffic.

A

-open course

140
Q
A

tripin

141
Q

Inspection of equipment to verify installation and appropriate functional fitting and interface with client

A

-final fitting

142
Q

What are some community mobility options for a client who is deemed not safe to drive

A

-public transportation, ride share programs, taxi, family members, volunteers from religious communities

143
Q
A

secondary controls, aka rapid access secondary controls, mode A secondary

144
Q
A

binocular vision

145
Q

What does the abbreviation OEM stand for

A

-original equipment from the manufacturer

146
Q

The ability of the eye to detect various shades of gray or color shades (i.e. nuances)

A

-contrast sensitivity

147
Q

Visual line of sight

A

-visual ellipse

148
Q

Name 2 diagnoses for which temperature inside the vehicle is a concern

A

-MS, SCI

149
Q
A

extraocular muscles

150
Q
A

hydraulic

151
Q
A

amblyopia

152
Q
A

hand controls

153
Q

A device installed in a motor vehicle to the left of the brake pedal to allow the operation of the accelerator pedal by the left foot of the driver.

A

-left foot accelerator

154
Q
A

presbyopia

155
Q

The practice of administering tests and examinations in a clinic. The term is used to differentiate this evaluation method from the on-road (behind the wheel evaluation)

A

-clinical assessment

156
Q

Exercises a client performs as a passenger while someone else is driving

A

-active passenger activities

157
Q

Can provide information and act as a referral source for services available to the blind and visually impaired.

A

-social workers

158
Q

An alteration to the OEM structure of the vehicle usually to facilitate access and/or headroom. Examples include: lowered floor, raised roof, raised door

A

-structural modifications

159
Q
A

keratoconus

160
Q
A

sight

161
Q

A replacement steering system that allows horizontal reorientation of the steering wheel

A

-horizontal steering

162
Q

An abbreviation for the international standards organization

A

Iso

163
Q
A

perimetry

164
Q

A belt system designed to prevent excessive upper torso movement

A

-chest harness or upper torso positioning belt

165
Q
A

cmvss

166
Q
A

palm

167
Q
A

shoulder belt

168
Q
A

autonomic reflexes

169
Q
A

emmetropia

170
Q

What diagnosis is likely to include a startle reflex and/or ATNR

A

-cerebral palsy

CDRS Exam (16 decks)

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