TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Question 1

, which deals with provision for traffic safety and efficiency, proper driving behavior, and the commandments of the traffic, the method and technique in point and intersectional vehicle,

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(1) Traffic safety Education

Question 2

which deals with the theory and its application of traffic enforcement and management,

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Enforcement

Question 3

, which deals with the study of the basic laws relative to professional practice regarding planning, designing and operating professional practice to achieve safe and efficient movement of people, vehicle and goods,

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Engineering

Question 4

, which deals with the study of potentially disastrous population explosion, the changing urban environment due to the scale and density of new urban concentration and the new activities carried out, air pollution and crowding especially transport congestion.

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Environment

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( which deals with the productive resources to produce commodities and distribution and consumption.

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Economics

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isa way of movement of human beings and goods from one place to another.

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Transportation

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is probably the oldest method of transportation a

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1. Land Transport

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          became very important because of man's tendency to settle down around water bodies.

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2. Water Transport

Question 9

for the purpose of transportation started around 500 years ago. Initially, it consisted of man or horse power and sometimes also of rails made of wood. The modern railway system finds its origin in England in early 1800’s.

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3. Rail Transport

Question 10

One of the most revolutionizing inventions of the history of mankind is .

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airplanes

Question 11

was one of the earliest modes of transportation, and it was first used in ancient Mesopotamia around 3000 BC

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chariot

Question 12

were popular in the 18th and 19th centuries and were used for transportation of people and goods.

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Horse-drawn carriages

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were an important means of transportation in ancient times, and they were used for traveling across oceans and seas.

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Ships

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were commonly used in desert regions as a means of transportation.

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Camels

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They were typically used for plowing fields and for transportation of goods. were domesticated animals and were preferred over horses and other animals because they were stronger and more durable

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oxen

Question 16

are famous for the network of roads they built across the Empire

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roman transportation

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After the fall of Rome, transport became more primitive Roads in Europe retumed to being simple dirt tracks, which turned to mud in the Winter In the , rich people sometimes travelled in covered wagons.

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MIDDLES AGES TRANSPORTATION:

Question 18

In Tudor times, transport was still slow and uncomfortable Roads were still just dirt tracks. Men were supposed, by law, to spend a number of days repairing the local roads but it is unlikely they did much good People travelled by horse

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16 CENTURY TRANSPORTATION:

Question 19

to 1600 the royal posts were exclusively used to carry the King’s correspondence. However in 1635, to raise money. Charles I allowed members of the public to pay his messengers to carry letters. This was the start of the royal mail

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17th century transportation

Question 20

Groups of rich men formed tumpike trusts Acts of Parliament gave them the right to improve and maintain certain roads Travelers had to pay tolls to use them.

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18th century transportation

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In the mid century transport was revolutionized by railways

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19TH CENTURY TRANSPORTATION

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railway opened in 1825

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The Stockton and Darlington

Question 23

Although the first cars appeared at the end of the 19th century after the end of World War 1 they became cheaper and more common However in 1940 only about one in 10 families owned a car

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20th century transportation

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year first electric tranvia was built to replace the old horse-driven ones

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1904

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was the first commercial flight that landed in Manila World War II

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The Pan Am

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Willy’s Jeep was replaced by

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Sarao Jeeps

Question 27

• the first Light Railway Transit (LRT) that ran from Pasay to Monumento

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On October 1981

Question 28

The preferred mode of prevention is education, though high-risk drivers are the least receptive to this traffic management strategy Law enforcement agencies offer a variety of public traffic safety programs taught by their officers through civic groups, schools, and community organizations around the country

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Traffic Education

Question 29

The field of traffic engineering addresses highway safety hazards through the careful planning of streets and highways.

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Traffic Engineering

Question 30

is one of the three pillars of road safety. The experience from around the world has shown that it is an effective method to reduce traffic violations and crashes

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TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT

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AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE AFFAIRS OF TRAFFIC

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is an executive function such as planning, organizing, directing, supervising coordinating operating, recording and budgeting traffic affairs

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Traffic Management

Question 33

on roads may consist of predestrian
herded animals, vehicles, streetcars and other conveyances, either singly or together, while using the public way for purposes of

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Traffic

Question 34

are the laws which govern traffic and regulate vehicles, while rules of the road are both the laws and the informal rules that may have developed over time to facilitate the orderly and timely flow of traffic

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Traffic laws

Question 35

In the local setting, there are three (3) legal bases in the traffic management process local and
national, as follows

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Republic Act No. 4136
Republic Act No 7160
Trafficology The Science of Traffic by Felino A Bragado

Question 36

is a condition on road networks that occurs as use increases, and is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular get in Ime

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Traffic congestion

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Common Theories of Traffic Congestion

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mathematical theories
economic theories

Question 38

Some traffic engineers have attempted to apply the rules of fluid dynamics to traffic flow, likening it to the flow of a fluid in a pipe.

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Mathematical Theories

Question 39

Congested roads can be seen as an example of the tragedy of the commons. Because roads in most places are free at the point of usage, there is little financial incentive for drivers not to over-use them up to the point where traffic collapses into a jam, when demand becomes limited by opportunity cost Privatizations of highways and road pricing have both been proposed as measures to reduce congestion

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Economic Theories

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Specific Causes of Traffic Congestion

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Immediate causes
Long term causes

Question 41

Congestion grows most obviously and at alarming rate primarily in areas experiencing rapid population growth, which cause parallel increase in the ownership and use of automotive vehicles

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Immediate Causes

Question 42

Commuting during certain hours add considerably to traffic congestion. The so-called “rush hours” are concentrated in relatively short period each day, mainly from 7:00 to 9:00 in the morning and from 5:00 to 7.00 in the evening, when most people using motor vehicles of any kind, either private or public rush to and from places of works, schools, and other places

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long term causes

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Strategies in Resolving Congestions

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supply side strategy
demand side

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Expansion of the peal hour carrying capacity of an area’s transportation system seems to be the most intuitively obvious response to greater congestion can be implemented through diverse means

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Supply-Side Strategy

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tactics transportation economist advocate is peak-hour pricing This is achieved by charging all drivers who use crowded highways during peak- hours a toll large enough to discourage many others from doing so.

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Demand Side

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Mitigations of Traffic Congestion

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Rush hour policies
pre emption policies
intelligent transportation system

Question 47

Some cities adopt policies to reduce rush-hour traffic and pollution and encourage the use of public transportation The day for each vehicle is taken from the license plate number, and this rule is enforced by traffic police and also by hundreds of strategically positioned traffic cameras hacked by computerized image recognition systems that issue tickets to offending drivers

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Rush Hour Policies

Question 48

In some areas, emergency responders are provided with specialized equipment, which allows emergency response vehicles, to have high-priority travel by having the lights along their route change to green

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Pre-Emption Policies

Question 49

presents a number of technologies to reduce congestion by monitoring traffic flows through the use of sensors and live cameras or analyzing cellular phone data travelling in cars and in turn rerouting traffic as needed through the use of variable message boards (VMS), highway advisory radio, on board or off board navigation devices and other systems through integration of traffic data with navigation systems

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Intelligent Transportation Systems

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What Are the Goals of Traffic Management?

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efficient, orderly, safe as possible

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PILLARS OR 5E’s OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

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Engineering
education
enforcement
environment
economic

Question 52

• the science of measuring traffic and travel, the study of the basic laws relative to the traffic flow and generation, and the application if this knowledge to the professional practice of planning, and the operating traffic systems to achieve safe and efficient movement of persons.

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ENGINEERING

Question 53

• the process of giving training and travel and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.

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EDUCATION

Question 54

• the action taken by the police, such as arresting, issuing traffic. citation ticket, and giving warning to the erring drivers for the purpose of deterring and discouraging and/or to preventing such violatio

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ENFORCEMENT

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• is the study of dealing with potentially disastrous population explosion, changes in urban environment due to the scale and destiny of a new urban

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ENVIRONMENT

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is the study how people choose to use scarce or limited productive resources to produce commodities and distribute them for their consumption

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ECONOMICS

Question 57

They have the responsibility for determining traffic flow patterns, through origin and destination of person and things

planning, funding construction of

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Department of Public Works and Highways

Question 58

Classifications of Traffic Control Devices

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warning device
regulatory device
guiding device

Question 59

These are used to inform the road user of potentially hazardous
roadway condition or unusual traffic movement which is not readily apparent to passing traffic

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Warning Devices-

Question 60

2 These are having the authority of law and impose precise requirements imposed upon the action of road user

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Regulatory Devices

Question 61

These are employed simply to inform the road user of route. destination, and other pertinent information

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Guiding Devices

Question 62

is defined as a signal operated manually, electrically or mechanically by which traffic is alternately commanded to stop and/or to proceed

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Traffic signals

Question 63

These signs are intended to warn road users of a danger that hes ahead and of its nature

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Danger Warning Signs-

Question 64

-These signs intended to warn road users of special obligations.
restrictions of prohibition with which they must comply, and are subdivided into priority signs, of restrictive signs, and mandatory signs.

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Regulatory Signs

Question 65

These signs are intended to guide road users while travelling.
and are subdivided into, ie, advance signs, direction signs, place identification
signs, confirmatory signs, and other signs

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Informative sign

Question 66

It is an mtegral part of the roadway in any metropolitan cities of the world, and it is one of species of geometric design. is the answer for the safety of pedestrians in
road hazards.

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sidewalk

Question 67

In the field of road transport, an intersection is a road

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intersection

Question 68

It is a traffic engineering terminology that separates or regulates the conflict al traffic movements into definite paths of travel by means of traffic island or pavement markings for the safe and orderly travels of both man and machine

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Channelization

Question 69

in its literal meaning is to control or constrict the movement of vehicle as it passes through the lane designated therefore

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Filter Lane

Question 70

This refers to a two-wheeled vehicle moving between lanes of vehicles that are proceeding in the same direction. It refers to passing stopped or slower moving traffic between lanes at a speed greater than surrounding traffic

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lane splitting

Question 71

is the crowning jewel of traffic management, an abstract architect of social life, and an unyielding master of man’s destiny on the roadways.

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Traffic education