Traffic congestion

Question 1

Traffic congestion problem - economic?

Answer 1

Congestion can make ppl late for work/ meetings ➡ Poor punctuality is costly for companies as they are forced to pay and provide for employees that are not actually workng

Congestion can delay deliveries ➡ costly in fuel and driver payments. Makes it more expensive for companies to operate in congested areas

Question 2

Traffic congestion - Social?

Answer 2

Congestion causes frustration for drivers and health issues for pedestrians and cyclists ➡ Frustration and poor health impacts negatively on quality of life, as makes ppl unhappy. The fumes from cars can produce respiratory conditions like asthma

Higher chance of accidents (with other cars and cyclists) and congestion can delay emergency vehicles ➡ Accidents can cause injury and death and the risk of avoidable long term injuries and death is increased when ambulances are delayed

Question 3

Traffic congestion - Environmental?

Answer 3

Lots of traffic increases noise + air pollution ➡ Noise is created by heavy vehicles, buildings are discoloured by carbot soot and traffic looks unsightly

Release of greenhouse gases contributes to climate change ➡ Vehicles give out CO2 - encourages global warming

Question 4

Traffic management schemes: York Park and Ride

Pos

Answer 4

Bus instead of driving
Pos: Faster end to end journeys - Priorities traffic lights ; dedicated bus lanes & limited stopping points ➡ Park and Ride services faster than traveling by car at peak times
Using it helps cut congestion by keeping car out of centre + improved local air quality

Question 5

Traffic management schemes: York Park and Ride

Neg

Answer 5

• P&R does not necessarily reduce overall traffic levels - simply redistributes it
• Building of large car parks taken up lots of land - los of habitat for wildlife
• Large areas of land for car park - inefficient use of land could be put to more productive use

Question 6

Traffic management schemes: Congestion charging London Info

Answer 6

Drivers charged £11.50 daily for driving in the congestion charge zone in central L between 07:00 -18:00 Mon ➡ Fri
Money generated is then used to improve pb,

Question 7

Traffic management schemes: York Park & Ride Info

Answer 7

Ppl park in car parks on the edge of York and catch regular buses into centre, instead driving

Question 8

Traffic management schemes: Congestion Charging London pros

Answer 8

• Traffic conges and accidents have been reduced
• Increased investment in pb
• Money generated used to make bus services and other pb more efficient
• Retail sales inside zones increased
• Olymps (2012) allowed for investment of nre underground line to east London
• Bike sharing schmes ‘Boris Bikes’ as little as £2 per journey

Question 9

Traffic management schemes: Congestion Charging London cons

Answer 9

• Little evidence air quality has improved
• In total only 8% of traffic km are affected by scheme an traffic speeds across L continued to slow
• Ppl just park at suburban railway or underground stations