Trachte Diuretics Flashcards
Two drugs that inhibit NKCC pump?
Furosemide
Bumetanide
Where is the NKCC pump?
Thick ascending loop of henle
How does the NKCC pump affect tubular fluid osmolality?
makes it hyPO-osmolar
**no aquaporins in thick ascending loop
Uses for loop diuretics?
pulm edema
edema
hyperkalemia
acute renal failure
anion OD
Chlorthalidone?
MOA
Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tubule
**a thiazide diuretic
HCTZ?
MOA
Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tuble
Metalazone?
MOA
Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tubule
thiazide diuretic
Thiazides used to treat?
HTN
CHF
nephrolithiasis caused by hypercalcemia
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Major side effect of Thiazides?
Hyperglycemia
-suppress insulin release
hypOkalemia
HLD
hypOnatremia
allergic RXN
What happens with thiazide + ACE inhib?
SYNERGY
RAAS perpetuation??
3 K sparing diuretics?
Spironolactone
Amiloride
Triamterene
ADH analogs (2)?
What do they do?
Vasopressin
desmopressin (synthetic)
recruit aquaporins in the medulla
Demecocycline?
antibiotic with ADH antagonism
Where does ADH originate?
hypothalamus/pituitary
What stimulates ADH release?
reduction in plasma volume
increase in plasma osmolality
What receptors are stimulated by ADH?
AVPR1–PI3/Ca–>vasoconstriction
AVPR2–cAMP–>insert aquaporins
Major osmotic diuretic not reabsorbed into the nephron:
mannitol
What is SGLT-2? Where is it?
sodium glucose transporter
proximal tubule
3 SGLT-2 transporter inhibitors:
“flozins”
Canigliflozin
Dapagliflozin
Gliflozin
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor:
acetazolamide
blocks conversion of H2CO3 –> H20+CO2
Xanthine oxidase inhibitor?
allopurinol
reduces uric acid
Inhibit renal organic acid transporters (OATs) of urate to facilitate excretion (2):
Probenicid
Sulfinpyrazone
**proximal tubule
Net effect of thiazide diuretics on OATs?
increase blood uric acid
Actual channel blocked by Amiloride and Triamterene?
ENaC