Trachte Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Two drugs that inhibit NKCC pump?

A

Furosemide

Bumetanide

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2
Q

Where is the NKCC pump?

A

Thick ascending loop of henle

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3
Q

How does the NKCC pump affect tubular fluid osmolality?

A

makes it hyPO-osmolar

**no aquaporins in thick ascending loop

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4
Q

Uses for loop diuretics?

A

pulm edema

edema

hyperkalemia

acute renal failure

anion OD

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5
Q

Chlorthalidone?

MOA

A

Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tubule

**a thiazide diuretic

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6
Q

HCTZ?

MOA

A

Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tuble

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7
Q

Metalazone?

MOA

A

Blocks NaCl transporter in distal convoluted tubule

thiazide diuretic

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8
Q

Thiazides used to treat?

A

HTN

CHF

nephrolithiasis caused by hypercalcemia

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

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9
Q

Major side effect of Thiazides?

A

Hyperglycemia
-suppress insulin release

hypOkalemia

HLD

hypOnatremia

allergic RXN

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10
Q

What happens with thiazide + ACE inhib?

A

SYNERGY

RAAS perpetuation??

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11
Q

3 K sparing diuretics?

A

Spironolactone

Amiloride

Triamterene

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12
Q

ADH analogs (2)?

What do they do?

A

Vasopressin

desmopressin (synthetic)

recruit aquaporins in the medulla

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13
Q

Demecocycline?

A

antibiotic with ADH antagonism

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14
Q

Where does ADH originate?

A

hypothalamus/pituitary

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15
Q

What stimulates ADH release?

A

reduction in plasma volume

increase in plasma osmolality

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16
Q

What receptors are stimulated by ADH?

A

AVPR1–PI3/Ca–>vasoconstriction

AVPR2–cAMP–>insert aquaporins

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17
Q

Major osmotic diuretic not reabsorbed into the nephron:

18
Q

What is SGLT-2? Where is it?

A

sodium glucose transporter

proximal tubule

19
Q

3 SGLT-2 transporter inhibitors:

A

“flozins”

Canigliflozin

Dapagliflozin

Gliflozin

20
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor:

A

acetazolamide

blocks conversion of H2CO3 –> H20+CO2

21
Q

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor?

A

allopurinol

reduces uric acid

22
Q

Inhibit renal organic acid transporters (OATs) of urate to facilitate excretion (2):

A

Probenicid

Sulfinpyrazone

**proximal tubule

23
Q

Net effect of thiazide diuretics on OATs?

A

increase blood uric acid

24
Q

Actual channel blocked by Amiloride and Triamterene?

25
Used to acidify urine?
Ammonium Chloride
26
Another drug for gout?
colchicine
27
Furosemide?
loop diuretic
28
bumetanide
loop diuretic
29
chlorthalidone
thiazide diuretic
30
hydrochlorothiazide
thiazide diuretic
31
metalozone
thiazide diuretic
32
spironolactone
Blocks Aldosterone receptor K sparring diuretic
33
Amiloride
blocks ENaC K sparring diuretic
34
Triamterene
blocks ENaC K sparring diuretic
35
Antidiuretic hormone
increases aquaporin channels in collecting duct concentrates urine
36
desmopressin
increases aquaporin channels in collecting duct concentrates urine
37
Mannitol
exerts osmotic effect in proximal tubule to reduce water reabsorption
38
"flozins"
SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce glucose reabsorption
39
Acetazolomide
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor blocks reabsorption in prox tubule **mostly used for glaucoma and excess CSF production
40
probenicid
suppresses urate reabsorption in the proximal tubule
41
sulfinpyrazone
suppresses urate reabsorption in the proximal tubule
42
allopurinol
suppresses uric acid formation