Asthma/PE PBL Drugs Flashcards
1st Gen H1 antagonists (2)
cross BBB
**some anti-muscarinic effects
diphenhydramine
chlorpheniramine
2nd Gen H1 antagonists (3)
substrate for P-glycoprotein (actively pumped out of BBB)
fexofenadine
cetirizine
loratidine
Methylxanthine (similar to caffeine)
may be bronchodilatory
narrow therapeutic index
theophylline
Stabilizes Mast cells –> no degranulation
cromolyn sodium
non-selective adrenoreceptor agonist
B1, B2, a1
epinephrine
short acting beta-2 agonist
tolerance may develop w overuse (downregulation of B2’s)
albuterol
long acting B2 agonist
toleance me develop w overuse
salmeterol
5-lipoxygenase inhibitor –> prevents leukotriene synthesis
**hepatotoxicity
zileuton
2 leukotriene receptor antogonists
zafirlukast
montelukast
Alpha-1 agonist
phenylephrine
a-1, a-2 agonist
pseudoephedrine
induce lipocortin to inhibit phospholipase A2 –> inhibits synthesis of cytokines
corticosteroids
betamethasone dexamethasone methylprednisolone prednisone triamcinolone beclamethasone
binds circulating IgE and prevents it binding to mast cells and basophils
omalizumab
flunisolide
glucocorticoid receptor agonist
inhaled
budesonide
inhaled glucocorticosteroid
fluticasone
synthetic glucocorticosteroid
formoterol
long acting beta-2 agonist
pirbuterol
short acting B-2 agonist
inhibits vit-K dependent clotting factors:
II
VII
IX
X
protein C (inhibited first)
protein S
warfarin
increases anti-thrombin activity
decreases thrombin and factor Xa
Heparin
Similar to heparin but:
more Xa inhibition
longer half life
LMW heparin:
enoxaparin
dalteparin
direct Xa inibitors
apixaban
rivoroxaban
“xa” in the name
selective Xa inhibitor VIA anti-thrombin III:
fondaparinux
direct thrombin inhibitors (2):
argatroban
bivalirudin
stimulates conversion of plasminogen to plasmin….clot buster!
cleavage of fibrin mesh, destruction of coag factors
tPA
two drugs that block cys-LT1 receptors inhibiting mast cell and eosinophil activity:
montelukast
zafirlukast
