TPO5

Question 0

deficient

Answer 0

• adj imperfect, inadequate
• Lacking
• not containing or having enough of something:
• Women who are dieting can become iron deficient.
• deficient in
• patients who were deficient in vitamin C

Question 1

notorious

Answer 1

• famous or well-known for something bad [= infamous]: • Ill-famed
• a notorious computer hacker
• notorious cases of human rights abuses
• notorious for •
a judge notorious for his cruelty and corruption

Question 2

serpentine

Answer 2

winding like a snake: twisting, curved
the serpentine course of the river
2 complicated and difficult to understand
: a serpentine plot

Question 3

deplete

Answer 3

• Diminish, lessen, reduce, use up, weaken
• Salmon populations have been severely depleted.
• the depletion of the ozone layer

Question 4

pigment

Answer 4

• Color, shade, dye,
• Melanin is the dark brown pigment of the hair, skin and eyes.
• The artist Sandy Lee uses natural pigments in her work.

Question 5

stunt

Answer 5

• to stop something or someone from growing to their full size or developing properly:
• Lack of sunlight will stunt the plant’s growth.

Question 6

slender

Answer 6

• Thin, delicate, fragile, small
• The company only has a slender hope of survival.
• The Republicans won the election by a slender majority.
• We had to make the most of our rather slender resources.

Question 7

Omit

Answer 7

• leave out, eliminate,
• Please don’t omit any details, no matter how trivial they may seem. • Lisa’s name had been omitted from the list of honor students.

Question 8

harvest

Answer 8

• Crop, result, output
• the crops that have been gathered, or the amount and quality of the crops gathered
• good/bumper harvest (=a lot of crops)
• Plum growers are expecting a bumper harvest this year.
• poor/bad harvest (=few crops)

Question 9

interrupt

Answer 9

• Cut off, stop, discontinue,
• Will you stop interrupting me!
• Sorry to interrupt, but I need to ask you to come downstairs.
• My studies were interrupted by the war.

Question 10

facilitate

Answer 10

• Aid, ease, expedite,
• to make it easier for a process or activity to happen:
• Computers can be used to facilitate language learning.

Question 11

suspend

Answer 11

• Hang from above, dangle, swing, stop
• to officially stop something from continuing, especially for a short time:
• Sales of the drug will be suspended until more tests are completed.
• Talks between the two countries have now been suspended.

Question 12

mist

Answer 12

• Fog
• We could just see the outline of the house through the mist.
• Next morning, the whole town was shrouded in mist (=covered in mist).

Question 13

Pathogen

Answer 13

• something that causes disease in your body

Question 14

contaminate

Answer 14

Pollute, make dirty
• Drinking water supplies are believed to have been contaminated.
• He claims the poster ads have ‘contaminated Berlin’s streets’.

Question 15

toxic

Answer 15

• Poisonous

* Toxic chemicals were spilled into the river.

Question 16

Excavation

Answer 16

• if a scientist or archaeologist excavates an area of land, they dig carefully to find ancient objects, bones etc: • Schliemann excavated the ancient city of Troy.

Question 17

scatter

Answer 17

• Distribute
• Scatter the onions over the fish.
• The flowers fell and scattered on the ground.

Question 18

speculate

Answer 18

• Guess, hypothesize
• Jones refused to speculate about what might happen.
• Some analysts speculated that jobs will be lost.

Question 19

Mutual

Answer 19

• Reciprocal, two-sided
• Mutual respect is necessary for any partnership to work.
• European nations can live together in a spirit of mutual trust.
• I didn’t like Dev, and the feeling seemed to be mutual. •
The two men were a mutual admiration society, gushing about how much they were learning from each other.

Question 20

exclude

Answer 20

• ≠ include
• to deliberately not include something
• The press had been deliberately excluded from the event.
• Sarah heard the other girls talking and laughing and felt excluded.
• The judges decided to exclude evidence which had been unfairly attained.

Question 21

deprecate

Answer 21

• to strongly disapprove of or criticize something

Question 22

Overwhelming

Answer 22

• 1 having such a great effect on you that you feel confused and do not know how to react: • an overwhelming sense of guilt
• She felt an overwhelming desire to hit him.
• She found the city quite overwhelming when she first arrived.
• 2 very large or greater, more important etc than any other:
• There is overwhelming evidence that smoking damages your health.
• An overwhelming majority of the members were against the idea.
• The proposal has been given overwhelming support.
• The British Air Force succeeded despite overwhelming odds against them.

Question 23

Implement

Answer 23

• Use, make use of, tool

* We have decided to implement the committee’s recommendations in full.

Question 24

prerequistie

Answer 24

• something that is necessary before something else can happen or be done • prerequisite for/of/to
• A reasonable proficiency in English is a prerequisite for the course.

Question 25

maritime

Answer 25

Marine

Question 26

maroon

Answer 26

• to be left in a place where there are no other people and where you cannot escape:
• The car broke down and left us marooned in the middle of nowhere.

Question 27

adrift

Answer 27

a boat that is adrift is not fastened to anything or controlled by anyone: • Several of the lifeboats were still afloat a month after being cast adrift.
• 2 someone who is adrift is confused about what to do in their life:
• a young woman adrift in London

Question 28

feat

Answer 28

• Challenge

* They climbed the mountain in 28 days, a remarkable feat.

Question 29

deliberate

Answer 29

• Intentional, on purpose
• a deliberate attempt to humiliate her
• The attack on him was quite deliberate.

Question 30

expedition

Answer 30

• Trip, journey, travel, • an expedition to the North Pole • another Everest expedition

Question 31

simulation

Answer 31

• a computer simulation used to train airline pilots

Question 32

derive

Answer 32

• to get something, especially an advantage or a pleasant feeling, from something •
derive something from something
• Medically, we will derive great benefit from this technique.
• derive pleasure/enjoyment etc
• Many students derived enormous satisfaction from the course.

Question 33

Undisputed

Answer 33

• Unquestioned
• 1 known to be definitely true:
• Doctors found undisputed evidence of nerve damage.
• 2 accepted by everyone
• undisputed leader/champion/master etc
• the undisputed world heavyweight champion

Question 34

Relatively

Answer 34

• Fairly, almost, quite • The system is relatively easy to use. • E-commerce is a relatively recent phenomenon.

Question 35

descendant

Answer 35

• someone who is related to a person who lived a long time ago, or to a family, group of people etc that existed in the past [↪ ancestor] • somebody’s descendants/the descendants of somebody
• The coastal areas were occupied by the descendants of Greek colonists.
• He was a direct descendant of Napoleon Bonaparte.
• 2 something that has developed from something else
• descendant of
• Quechua is a descendant of the Inca language.

Question 36

assign

Answer 36

to give someone a particular job or make them responsible for a particular person or thing
• I’ve been assigned the task of looking after the new students.

Question 37

detritus

Answer 37

• pieces of waste that remain after something has been broken up or used

Question 38

algae

Answer 38

جلبلك

Question 39

crab

Answer 39

خرچنگ

Question 40

niche

Answer 40

if you find your niche, you find a job or activity that is very suitable for you:
• Amanda soon found her niche at the club.
• He’s managed to create a niche for himself in local politics.