TPO2 Flashcards
Gill
one of the organs on the sides of a fish through which it breathes
آبشش •
Lung
one of the two organs in your body that you breathe with:
• Smoking can cause lung cancer
شش •
disguise
hide, conceal
to change someone’s appearance so that people cannot recognize them:
• There’s no way you can disguise that southern accent.
Affinity
a close relationship between two things because of qualities or features that they share
• affinity with/between
• the affinity between Christian and Chinese concepts of the spirit
dwell
Dwelt, dwelled
populate, dwell, live, inhabit
• They dwelt in the forest.
Limb
an arm or leg
embed
implant, engraft, embed, imbed, plant
• A piece of glass was embedded in her hand.
• Feelings of guilt are deeply embedded in her personality
Precious
Valuable
• We cannot afford to waste precious time.
• planes delivering precious supplies of medicine and food
• our planet’s precious resources
detect
detect, observe, find, discover, notice
• Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early.
• Dan detected a change in her mood.
expose
expose, exhibit, display
• Potatoes turn green when exposed to light.
• The report revealed that workers had been exposed to high levels of radiation.
vestige
a small part or amount of something that remains when most of it no longer exists [= trace]
• vestige of
• The new law removed the last vestiges of royal power.
• 2 the smallest possible amount of a quality or feeling
• vestige of
• There’s not a vestige of truth in the story.
Portion
a part of something larger, especially a part that is different from the other parts
• portion of
• The front portion of the rocket breaks off.
• significant/substantial/major/good portion
• The main character’s childhood takes up a good portion of the film.
rear
the back part of an object, vehicle, or building, or a position at the back of an object or area [≠ front]
• a garden at the rear of the house
• a passenger travelling in the rear of a car
Propulsion
the force that drives a vehicle forward [↪ propel]
• research into liquid hydrogen as a means of propulsion
approximately
Adv
Nearly, almost
• The plane will be landing in approximately 20 minutes.
• How much do think it will cost, approximately?
Adj, approximate
accelerate
accelerate, speed up, speed, quicken
• measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth
• The car accelerated smoothly away.
runoff
rain or other liquid that flows off the land into rivers
deteriorate
Decay, worsen
• Ethel’s health has deteriorated.
• America’s deteriorating economy
arid
Dry
• Water from the Great Lakes is pumped to arid regions.
Delicate
fragile,frail,vulnerable
• The sun can easily damage a child’s delicate skin.
• a delicate child
• her delicate features
phenomenon
- Event
- something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand
- phenomenon of
- the growing phenomenon of telecommuting • Homelessness is not a new phenomenon.
- Language is a social and cultural phenomenon.
diminish
- decrease, diminish, lessen, fall
- These drugs diminish blood flow to the brain.
- But that’s not to diminish the importance of his discoveries.
Cultivate
- crop, work,grow
- The land was too rocky to cultivate.
- We cultivated maize and watermelons
graze
crop, browse, graze, range, pasture
• Groups of cattle were grazing on the rich grass.
• fields where they used to graze their sheep
irrigate
water, irrigate
• The water in Lake Powell is used to irrigate the area.
devoid of
to be completely lacking in something:
• His face was devoid of any warmth or humour.
susceptible
Prone
likely to suffer from a particular illness or be affected by a particular problem [↪ immune]
• susceptible to
• Older people are more susceptible to infections.
• Soil on the mountain slopes is very susceptible to erosion.
erosion
the process by which rock or soil is gradually destroyed by wind, rain, or the sea:
• the problem of soil erosion
• the erosion of the coastline
dominate
master control, command
• The industry is dominated by five multinational companies.
• New Orleans dominated throughout the game.
• Her loud voice totally dominated the conversation.
• Education issues dominated the election campaign.
trample
to step heavily on something, so that you crush it with your feet
• trample on/over/through etc
• There was a small fence to stop people trampling on the flowers.
• trample somebody/something underfoot
• The children were in danger of being trampled underfoot in the crowd.
pulverization
to crush something into a powder:
• The seeds can be used whole or pulverized into flour.
saline
- containing or consisting of salt:
* saline solution
Sink
- sink, settle, go down, go under
- Their motorboat struck a rock and began to sink.
- The kids watched as the coin sank to the bottom of the pool.
- The heavy guns sank up to their barrels in the mud.
drain
consume, eat up, use up, eat, deplete, exhaust, run through, wipe out • to make the water or liquid in something flow away:
• The swimming pool is drained and cleaned every winter.
evaporate
Vaporise
• if a liquid evaporates, or if heat evaporates it, it changes into a gas:
• Most of the water had evaporated.
• The sun evaporates moisture on the leaves.
tremendous
very big, fast, powerful etc:
• Suddenly, there was a tremendous bang, and the whole station shook.
• She was making a tremendous effort to appear calm.
• She praised her husband for the tremendous support he had given her.
• Sales have been tremendous so far this year.
• This plan could save us a tremendous amount of money.
rigorous
- careful, thorough, and exact:
- a rigorous analysis of defence needs
- the rigorous standards required by the college
Consume
consume, eat up, use up, eat, deplete, exhaust, run through, wipe out • to use time, energy, goods etc [↪ consumption]:
• Only 27% of the paper we consume is recycled.
• A smaller vehicle will consume less fuel.
Initial
happening at the beginning [= first]: an initial investment of £5000 initial stage/phase/period the initial stages of the disease The initial response has been encouraging.
parlor
Salon
Legitimate
fair or reasonable:
• That’s a perfectly legitimate question.
• Most scientists believe it is legitimate to use animals in medical research. • 2 acceptable or allowed by law:
• Their business operations are perfectly legitimate.
• a legitimate child is born to parents who are legally married to each other [≠ illegitimate]
Spectacle
1 a very impressive show or scene:
• a multimedia dance and opera spectacle
• 2 [usually singular] an unusual or interesting thing or situation that you see or notice - used especially in order to show disapproval:
• The trial was turned into a public spectacle.
Spectator
someone who is watching an event or game [↪ audience]:
• The match attracted over 40,000 spectators.
Manipulation
manipulate, keep in line, control
• software designed to store and manipulate data
• You can integrate text with graphics and manipulate graphic images.
expand
Enlarge
• Water expands as it freezes.
• The computer industry has expanded greatly over the last decade.
minute, minuscule
small,tiny
