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TPO > Tpo4 > Flashcards

Tpo4 Flashcards

0
Q

Marsh

A

Swamp, bog,swampland
باتالق •
• The crane lives in marshy habitats.

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1
Q

prevalent

A

accepted, widespread
• prevalent in/among etc
• Solvent abuse is especially prevalent among younger teenagers.
• the prevalent belief in astrology

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2
Q

Understory

A

Undergrowth, under grass • A layer of vegetation beneath the main canopy of forest

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3
Q

Inhibit

A

Restrict, constraint, hinder, impede, obstruct
• An unhappy family life may inhibit children’s learning.
• Recording the meeting may inhibit people from expressing their real views.

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4
Q

meadow

A

• Grassy land, grassy field, pasture, plain, prairie

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5
Q

browse

A
  • Look around, look through, peruse, graze
  • Jon was browsing through the photographs.
  • The trip allows you plenty of time for browsing around the shops.
  • tourists browsing the boutiques and souvenir stalls
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6
Q

fair-weather

A

Fair- weather
• Untrustworthy, dishonest, false, disloyal, unreliable, unsafe
• Fair-weather friend

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7
Q

decay

A

Rot, break down, collapse, deteriorate, corrosion,
• to be slowly destroyed by a natural chemical process, or to make something do this
• Most archaeological finds are broken, damaged, or decayed.

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8
Q

dormancy

A

Inaction, inactivity, inertia,
• The seeds remain dormant until the spring.
• a huge dormant volcano

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9
Q

hibernating

A

verb lie dormant; sleep through cold weather

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10
Q

cedar

A

سرو

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11
Q

fluctuate

A

Oscillate, vary, alternate, waver, keep changing
• Prices were volatile, fluctuating between $20 and $40.
• Insect populations fluctuate wildly from year to year.

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12
Q

bemoan

A

Complain, regret, mourn,

• He was bemoaning the fact that charge so much.

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13
Q

in the same breath

A
  • used to say that someone has said two things at once that are so different from each other they cannot both be true:
  • immediately
  • He criticized the film, then predicted in the same breath that it would be a great success.
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14
Q

elk

A

گوزن شمالي

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15
Q

expedition

A 
Journey, exploration, quest, tor, travel, trip 
an expedition to the North Pole 
another Everest expedition 
a shopping expedition 
a fishing expedition
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16
Q

starvation

A

• Hunger, famine, malnutrition • people dying of starvation

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17
Q

Picturesquely

A

Beautiful, attractive, charming, colorful
• a quiet fishing village with a picturesque harbour
• a picturesque account of his trip to New York

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18
Q

dot

A
  • if an area is dotted with things, there are a lot of them there but they are spread far apart
  • be dotted with something
  • The lake was dotted with sailboats.
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19
Q

extermination

A

Destruction, elimination, extinction, eradication

• Staff use the poison to exterminate moles and rabbits.

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20
Q

plight

A

Bad Condition, predicament, trouble, dilemma
• the desperate plight of the flood victims
• the country’s economic plight

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21
Q

Encroach

A
  • verb) invade another’s property, business
  • Intrude, trespass,
  • to gradually take more of someone’s time, possessions, rights etc than you should
  • encroach on/upon
  • Bureaucratic power has encroached upon the freedom of the individual.
  • 2 to gradually cover more and more land
  • encroach into
  • The fighting encroached further east.
  • —encroachment noun [uncountable and countable]
  • foreign encroachment
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22
Q

logging

A

Deforestation • the work of cutting down trees in a forest

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23
Q

Annual

A

Yearly, each year
• The school trip has become an annual event.
• The jazz festival is held annually in July.

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24
Q

rebound

A

Revive, overcome, recover

• Share prices rebounded today after last week’s losses

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25
Q

predator

A

• Hunter, killer

Prey

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26
Q

profound

A

deep, philosophical, serious
having a strong influence or effect
profound effect/influence/impact/consequence etc Tolstoy’s experiences of war had a profound effect on his work.
The mother’s behaviour has a profound impact on the developing child.
profound changes in society

27
Q

game

A
  • wild animals, birds, and fish that are hunted for food, especially as a sport:
  • game birds
28
Q

bead

A

Stone

مهره

29
Q

Crude

A
  • Cheap, clumsy, raw, approximate

* a crude estimate of the population available for work

30
Q

excavate

A

• Uncover, unearth, dig up,
• Schliemann excavated the ancient city of Troy.
• to make a hole in the ground by digging up soil
Excavation (n)

31
Q

inhabit

A
  • Dwell, populate, reside, live in

* The woods are inhabited by many wild animals. • inhabited islands

32
Q

trappings

A

things such as money, influence, possessions etc that are related to a particular type of person, job, or way of life
• trappings of
• the trappings of power
1in a dangerous place[usually passive] to prevent someone from escaping from somewhere, especially a dangerous place:
Twenty miners were trapped underground.

33
Q

depict

A

Illustrate, describe, interpret
• a book depicting life in pre-revolutionary Russia
• The god is depicted as a bird with a human head.

34
Q

spear

A

• a pole with a sharp pointed blade at one end, used as a weapon in the past نیزه •

35
Q

cattle

A
  • cows and bulls kept on a farm for their meat or milk:

* herds of cattle

36
Q

bovine

A

• relating to cows: • bovine diseases

37
Q

chip

A
  • a small piece of wood, stone, metal etc that has been broken off something:
  • Wood chips covered the floor of the workshop.
38
Q

Tusk

A

• one of a pair of very long pointed teeth, that stick out of the mouth of animals such as elephants

39
Q

horn

A

• the hard pointed thing that grows, usually in pairs, on the heads of animals such as cows and goats

40
Q

shaft

A

• a long handle on a tool

41
Q

Fertility

A
  • Potency, pregnancy, productivity
  • the ability of the land or soil to produce good crops
  • 2MB the ability of a person, animal, or plant to produce babies, young animals, or seeds [≠ infertility]
42
Q

dismantle

A
  • Break up, destroy, demolish, disassemble, take apart

* Chris dismantled the bike in five minutes.

43
Q

spout

A

• a sudden strong stream of liquid which comes out of somewhere very fast
Spout of water
spout from
Blood was spouting from the wound in her arm.

44
Q

gusher

A

• a place in the ground where oil or water comes out very forcefully, so that a pump is not needed

45
Q

adjacent

A
  • Next to, neighboring
  • We stayed in adjacent rooms.
  • the building adjacent to the library
46
Q

dye

A
  • Pigment, color

* hair dye

47
Q

hostile

A
  • Hateful, unfavorable, unfriendly, inhospitable
  • The boy feels hostile towards his father.
  • his hostile attitude
48
Q

slope

A

شیب • • Tilt
if you tilt the cup the tea will spill on the rug
اگر فنجان را کج کنی چای روی فرش ریخته خواهد شد.

49
Q

spillage

A

if you spill a liquid, or if it spills, it accidentally flows over the edge of a container [↪ pour]:
• Katie almost spilled her milk.

50
Q

collision

A
  • Accident
  • The school bus was involved in a collision with a truck.
  • Two people were killed in a head-on collision
51
Q

slick

A

• oil slick

an area of oil on the surface of water or on a road

52
Q

platform

A
  • Floor, stage
  • the raised place beside a railway track where you get on and off a train in a station:
  • The Edinburgh train will depart from platform six.
  • 2for speechesTBB a stage for people to stand on when they are making a speech, performing etc:
  • a small raised platform at one end of the room
53
Q

drift

A
  • to move slowly on water or in the air

* Smoke drifted up from the jungle ahead of us

54
Q

ashore

A
  • on or towards the shore of a lake, river, sea etc [= onshore]
  • come/go ashore
  • Seals come ashore to breed.
  • Several dead birds had been washed ashore.
55
Q

foul

A
  • to make something very dirty, especially with waste:

* rivers and lakes fouled almost beyond recovery by pollutants

56
Q

subside

A
  • Decrease

* The pains in his head had subsided, but he still felt dizzy and sick

57
Q

barrier

A
  • Blockade, fence, obstacle

* Problems with childcare remain the biggest barrier to women succeeding at work.

58
Q

adverse

A
  • Unfavorable, negative, unfriendly
  • They fear it could have an adverse effect on global financial markets. • Miller’s campaign has received a good deal of adverse publicity.
59
Q

squeeze

A
  • to press something firmly together with your fingers or hand:
  • She smiled as he squeezed her hand.
60
Q

drill

A
  • to make a hole in something using a drill:

* Drill a hole in each corner.

61
Q

Derrick

A
  • a tall machine used for lifting heavy weights, especially on ships
  • a tall tower built over an oil well, used to raise and lower the drill جرثقیل دکل کشتی •
62
Q

sediment

A
  • Debris, trash, waste
  • solid substances that settle at the bottom of a liquid:
  • a thick layer of sediment
63
Q

droplet

A

• a very small drop of liquid • droplet of • tiny droplets of water

64
Q

marine

A
  • Aquatic
  • relating to the sea and the creatures that live there:
  • the enormous variety of marine life
  • the effects of oil pollution on marine mammals
  • marine biology
65
Q

accumulate

A
  • Gather, assemble, collect, expand, hoard, pile up
  • Fat tends to accumulate around the hips and thighs.
  • It is unjust that a privileged few should continue to accumulate wealth.
66
Q

decompose

A

• Break down, decay, fall apart

TPO (10 decks)

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