TPO1 Flashcards
Precipitation
Rainfall
Snowfall
Abundant
An abundant supply of fresh water
vs. scarce
Stream
Small river
Mountain stream
Blood stream
Emerge
Appear
The flowers emerge in the spring
The sun emerged from the behind the clouds.
Eventually the truth emerged
Particle
Tiny particles of soil
Pebble
The beach was covered with smooth white pebbles.
Consolidate
The company has consolidated its position as the country’s leading gas supplier
The team consolidated their lead with a third goal.
Gravel
Small stones, used to make a surface for paths, roads
Sand and gravel
Sediment
A thick layer of the sediment
Laden with
The tables were laden with food
Deposit
As the river slows down,it deposits a layer of soil
Slope
Steep slope
Gentle slope
Cement
A bag of cement
Plug
We used mud to plug up the holes in the roof
It’s not plugged in
Games consoles plug into the back of the TV
Stick in ,insert, put in,..
Percolate
Diffuse,spread out
These ideas were slow to percolate
Porous
Porous material
Lava
GEOLOGY
hot liquid rock that flows from a volcano, or this rock when it has become solid
Bubble
Bubble sort ,,,,,
When water boils, bubbles rise to the surface
Permeability
The permeable cell membrane
Cavity
I filled the cavity in my tooth
Crevice
Small creatures that hide in the crevices in the rock
Drain
The swimming pool is drained and cleaned every week
Cling
He wailed and clung to his mothe
Tension
The tension was becoming unbearable, and I want to scream
Saturate
Our culture was saturated with television and advertising
Fill,make full
Overcome
Defeat
He struggled to overcome his shyness
Speculation
speculate, theorize, theorise, conjecture, hypothesize, hypothesise, hypothecate, suppose
There is speculation that the president is ill.
Concrete
Tangible, touchable made of concrete: a concrete floor 2 definite andspecific [↪ abstract]: What does that mean in concrete terms? the lack of any concrete evidence a dialogue about concrete issues and problems
envision
I envisioned a future of educational excellence .
visualize, visualise, envision, project, fancy, see, figure, picture, image
Champion
She championed the cause of religious freedom.
The Olympic champion
Ritual
Religious ceremony
• the importance of religion and ritual in our lives
Myth
the myth of Orpheus
attribute
The fall in the number of deaths from heart disease is generally attributed to improvements in diet.
this play is attributed to Shakespeare
ascribe, assign,
perceive
understand, realize, realise, see
• That morning, he perceived a change in Franca’s mood.
• Cats are not able to perceive colour .
Costume
- a set of clothes
* Hallowe’en costumes
conception
Understanding
• They have no conception of what women really feel and want.
• Misconception
abandon
Leave
• Quit
• We had to abandon the car and walk the rest of the way.
How could she abandon her own child?
Modify
Change
• The feedback will be used to modify the course for next year.
• The regulations can only be modified by a special committee.
recall
recall (that)
I seem to recall I’ve met him before somewhere.
recall doing something
I don’t recall seeing any cars parked outside.
remember, retrieve, recall, call back, call up, recollect, think
impersonation
act, play, mock
• Do you know it is a very serious offence to impersonate a police officer?
Imitate
Copy
• Imitate s.o’s behavior
Virtuosity
a very high degree of skill in performing
she performed with virtuosity on the piano
penchant
Tendency, inclination
• a penchant for fast cars
detach
Separate
• Please detach and fill out the application form.
deviation
Differ, divert ,deviate
• deviation from the normal procedure
Cease
• Stop • Ceasefire • Cessation
retain
Keep
• Hold
• Retain your composure
You have the right to retain possession of the goods.
Shrub
a small bush with several woody stems
herb
Plant Herbal tea Herbivorous animals Carnivorous Omnivorous
moisture
Wetness
• Plants use their roots to absorb moisture from the soil.
• Your skin’s moisture content varies according to weather conditions.
Tropic
the hottest part of the world, which is around the equator: • plant species found in the tropics
Deciduous
deciduous trees lose their leaves in winter [≠ evergreen]
Twist
He twisted his head slightly, and looked up at her.
twist round/around
She twisted round, so that she could see the dog better.
flex, bend, deform, twist, turn
deform
Wearing badly-fitting shoes can deform your feet.
contort, deform, distort, wring
Latitude
The birds breed in northern latitudes.
Tend
Incline
• People tend to need less sleep as they get older.
• My car tends to overheat in the summer.
attain
achieve, accomplish, attain, reach
• More women are attaining positions of power.
avalanche
a large mass of snow, ice, and rocks that falls down the side of a mountain:
• Two skiers were killed in the avalanche.
creep
to move in a quiet, careful way, especially to avoid attracting attention • creep into/over/around etc
• Johann would creep into the gallery to listen to the singers.
• He crept back up the stairs, trying to avoid the ones that creaked.
Velocity
the velocity of light
The speedboat reached a velocity of 120 mph.
a high velocity bullet
altitude
the height of an object or place above the sea
altitude of
We’re flying at an altitude of 40,000 feet.
high/low altitudes
At high altitudes it is difficult to get enough oxygen.
Prone
likely to do something or suffer from something, especially something bad or harmful
• prone to
• Some plants are very prone to disease.
• prone to do something
• Kids are all prone to eat junk food.
bare
Not covered
• Land, hand, child
Prostrate
They found him lying prostrate on the floor.
• prostrate body/figure/form
• too shocked, upset, weak etc to be able to do anything
• prostrate with
• Julie was prostrate with grief after her father’s death.
• Prostrate plant
Striking
unusual or interesting enough to be easily noticed
• striking contrast/similarity/parallel etc
• a striking contrast between wealth and poverty
• Noticeable
Adjacent
Next to
• We stayed in adjacent rooms.
insulation
to cover or protect something with a material
• Good insulation can save you money on heating bills.
equator
the equator an imaginary line drawn around the middle of the Earth that is exactly the same distance from the North Pole and the South Pole
• on/at/near the equator
• a small village near the equator
prevalent
common at a particular time, in a particular place, or among a particular group of people
• Solvent abuse is especially prevalent among younger teenagers.
• the prevalent belief in astrology
Moss
a very small green plant that grows in a thick soft furry mass on wet soil, trees, or rocks
• —mossy adjective:
• a high, mossy wall
خزه •
Autonomous
Independent
deem
Consider
