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monster management > toxicology > Flashcards

toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

ethylene glycol urinary fnding

A

Ca oxalate crystals

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2
Q

freshly mown grass scent

A

organophosphates

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3
Q

almond scent

A

phosgene, arsenic, phosphorus

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4
Q

symmetrical descending muscle weakness + drooling + dysphagia (toxicity)

A

botulism

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5
Q

arthritis pain + tinnitus med concern

A

aspirin

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6
Q

when should first level of acetaminophen be drawn after ingestion of unknown amount?

A

4 hours

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7
Q

toxicity: sympathomimetic agents

A

cocaine, amphetamines, meth, street drugs

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8
Q

toxicity: cholinergic agents

A

organophosphate (pesticide, insecticide)

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9
Q

toxicity: anticholinergic agents

A

jimson weed, atropine

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10
Q

tell-tale sign of opioid toxicity

A

pinpoint pupils

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11
Q

toxidrome mgmt: key points

A

ABCsAMS + glucosehyperactivityhtnseizures (benzos)decon

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12
Q

causes of miosis

A

OpioidsCentral alpha 2 agonistsOrganophosphatesPhencyclidineSedative hypnoticsPhenothiazinesNicotinePilocarpine Opthalmic dropsOlanzapine (Zyprexa)Pontine Hemorrhage

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13
Q

activated charcoal: how much + when to use

A

1g/kg PO within 2 - 4 hours ingestion

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14
Q

when not to use activated charcoal

A

P esticidesH ydrocarbonsA lcohol, acids, alkaliI ron preparationsL ithiumS olvents

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15
Q

naloxone (Narcan) doses + half life

A

10 mgopioids: start ~0.4 and titrate up to wake respiratory drive (may not want to fully awaken d/t agitation)half-life usually ~60-90 min

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16
Q

when to use naloxone (Narcan)

A

R eserpineO pioidsC lonidineL omotilA CE & ARBV alproic acidA ldometZanaflex

17
Q

benzo: reversal agent

A

flumazenil + airway mgmt- rare d/t poss withdrawal seizures (ok if not chronic benzo user)

18
Q

heparin: reversal agent

A

protamine - basic vs heparin acidic- also anticoag, don’t give too much

19
Q

warfarin: reversal agent

A

vitamin K +/- FFP or PCC- takes 4 to 6 hrs- FFP replenishes other products, PCC as effective

20
Q

chelating agents, lead or zinc: reversal agent

A

EDTA or BAL

21
Q

chelating agents, gold, arsenic, or mercury: reversal agent

A

BAL or D-penicillamine

22
Q

med contraindicated in mgmt of meth assoc htn crisis

A

metoprolol - beta 1 selective blocker = unopposed alpha

23
Q

causes of gap acidosis

A

M ethanolU remiaD KAP ropylene GlycolI NH or IngestionL actic AcidosisE thylene GlycolS alicylates

24
Q

sulfonylurea: reversal agent

A

octreotide (Sandostatin)

25
Q

crotalidae snake + toxin

A

pit viber (rattlesnakes, copperheads, cottonmouths, water moccasin)hemotoxin

26
Q

elapidae snake + toxin

A

coral snake: neurotoxin

monster management (29 decks)

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