Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics Flashcards
1
Q
equation for clearance
A
- C = rate of elimination / concentration
2
Q
potent drugs on therapeutic dose curves
A
- found further to the left
3
Q
5 mechanisms of death in poisoning
A
- CNS depression
- cardiovascular collapse
- cellular hypoxia
- seizures
- vivid hallucinations resulting in self-inflicted wounds
4
Q
drugs that can cause CNS depression
A
- benzodiazepines
- narcotics
- barbiturates
- alcohol
- patients die of respiratory arrest, airway obstruction, or aspiration of gastric contents
5
Q
signs of cardiovascular collapse
A
- hypotension
- hypovolemia
- arrythmias
- hyperthermia/hypothermia
6
Q
drugs that can cause cellular hypoxia
A
- cyanide, H2S, CO
7
Q
signs of cellular hypoxia
A
- tachycardia
- hypotension
- severe lactic acidosis
8
Q
drugs that can cause seizures at high doses
A
- INH
- diphenhydramine
- cocaine and amphetamine
- patients may die from hypothermia
9
Q
drugs that often cause hallucinations resulting in self-inflicted wounds
A
- PCP
- LSD
10
Q
ABCDs of poisoning treatment
A
- airway, breathing, circulation, dextrose
11
Q
situations where arterial PO2 may be normal
A
- severe CO or cyanide poisonings
12
Q
calculation of anion gap
A
- anion gap = (Na + K + unmeasured cations) - (HCO3 + Cl + unmeasured anions) = 10-16
13
Q
drugs that commonly have abnormal anion gaps
A
- methanol
- ethylene glycol
- isoniazid
14
Q
oxalate crystals in urine is common with what poisoning
A
- ethylene glycol
15
Q
increased serum creatinine kinase (CK) and myoglobin in urine suggest..
A
- muscle breakdown from seizures or muscular rigidity
