Tourism KQ2 (Factors influencing tourism trends) Flashcards
Tourists Considerations (Main determiner of factors affecting growth of tourism)
- 6As of Tourism
- Expenses
- Budget
- Time
- Attractions
- Cleanliness
- Security
Factors affecting tourism trends
> Development in technology
1) Better and affordable transport
2) Ease of access to information
> Demand Factors
1) Disposable income
2) Leisure time
3) Changing lifestyle
> Destination Factors
1) Attractions
2) Investments in infrastructure and services
3) Access to information
DT: Better and affordable transport
- Faster, more direct routes
- Shorter travelling time, lower costs, safer
- More people able to afford commercial travel
- Increase volume of tourists
DT: Budget airlines
- Made air transport more affordable
- Low fares, smaller planes, more fuel-efficient
- Prices further decreased via use of e-services
- Usually only fly short-haul destinations
1) Enable more to travel internationally more frequently
2) Give travellers opportunities to travel further from home
3) Allow travellers to go to destinations not covered by major commercial airlines (Bhutan/Northern Thailand)
DT: Ease of access to information
- Made information more readily available and accessible
- Include E-services
DT: E-services
- Removes need for travel agent
- More options and control
- Ability to view feedback and recommendations
- Constantly updated info allows for research beforehand
- Enhances promotion of air travel and global tourism
- Gives tourists desire to travel and more options for them to consider
DmdF: Disposable income
- Amount of income left to an individual after taxes have been paid
- Increase in income = increase in disposable income
- Increased disposable income = Increased purchasing power
- Spend more on goods and services, leisure and activities that improve QOL (i.e. travelling)
- Disposable income increasing due to rapid economic growth
- Demographic in middle income to high income increasing
- Esp. in BRICS countries
DmdF: Leisure time
- Periode of relaxation, free from work and commitments
- Comes in form of paid leave
1) Increased income and paid leaves, people have more disposable income and are more inclined to travel
2) Shorter working weeks, more public holidays and more paid annual leave = more leisure time = able to travel
DmdF: Leisure time examples
Australia: Flexitime policy
- Exchange paid overtime for leave
- Increases chances for longer wknd breaks
Canada
- Increase in breaks and long wknds
- More travelling and leisure time
DmdF: Changing lifestyle
- Changes in way people live throughout their lifetime from generation to generation
1) Fast paced and stressful work
- More inclined to escape and relax
2) Advances in medical technology
- Longer lifespan, more physically fit to travel
- Allows retirees to spend time and money travelling
DmdF: Changing lifestyle examples
Grey Nomads, Australia
- Caravan travelling
- Retirees
DstF: Attractions
- Feature of quality that makes a place interesting/enjoyable
- Promoted and enhanced by tourism industry to attract even more tourists
- Natural/Manmade
- Govts/Tourism industry know value of investing in attractions
- Offer spectaculars, unique and interesting attractions
- Tourists enjoy and more likely to return repeatedly
DstF: Attraction examples
Dubai
- 15million tourists in 2017
- Shopping, business and entertainment
- Wide range of retail and luxury outlets
- World-class MICE facilities
- Luxury hotels
- Large-scale architectural and engineering projects
> Burj Al Arab
- 7-star luxury hotel built on artificial island
> Burj Khalifa
- World´s tallest building 828m tall, 163 stories
- USD1.5 billion to construct
> Palm islands
- World´s largest artificial island for high end residential, leisure and entertainment facilities
DstF: Investment in infra and services
1) Transport infra
- Increases accessibility to-and-within and country
- Airports, roads and rails
- Tourists less likely to visit places if inaccessible
2) Accommodation infra
- Enough hotels constructed to be able to take in increasing amounts of tourists
- Hotels and accommodations should cater to range of tourists budgets
3) Services
- Supporting amenities and workers
- Essential to keep place running
- Countries understanding importance of providing formal training for people working in tourism sector
- Provide tertiary and diploma courses to equip locals with tourism and hospitality skills
- Provide positive experiences for tourists and create jobs for locals
DstF: Investment in infra/services examples
1) Transport infra
- Changi Airport
- 1990s - Terminal 1 - 30mil capacity
- 2030s - Terminal 1-5 - 135mil capacity
2) Accommodation infra
- Hongkong
- 2013-2016
- 49 more hotels built on top of 189 existing hotels
- Boost capacity from 42mil to 70mil
3) Services
Amenities: F&B, entertainment, telecommunication etc
Trained personnel: Hotels staff, guides, cleaners etc
-Singapore, school of hospitality
